1定语从句语法.docVIP

定语从句 一： 先行词： 被定语从句所修饰的词 二： 关系代词：用来连接定语从句，并在从句中代表先行词的代词。 先行词是物： which that 先行词是人： who that 在从句中的作用： 主语、宾语、表语 e.g. They had a radio. / It could send out messages. They had a radio which/ that could send out message. (主语) The girl is my best friend. / She spoke just now. The girl who/ that spoke just now is my best friend. （主语） He always buys some books. / He never read them. He always buys some books (which/ that) he never read. (宾语) 注意点： 1.） 定语从句一般直接跟在先行词的后面： e.g. The man who lives next door sells vegetables. The man sells vegetables who lives next door. ( × ) The car which my uncle just bought was destroyed in the earthquake. The car was destroyed in the earthquake which my uncle just bought. ( × ) 2．）关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略： e.g. The young man ( who ) you saw was our manager. There is something ( that ) we must keep in mind. 3.) 关系代词在从句中作介词的宾语时，介词常可以提前，但介词提前时， 关系代词只能用which 或 whom e.g. The man is a famous runner. / You talked to him just now. The man to whom you talk just now is a famous runner. The chair is made of wood. / He is sitting on it now. The chair on which he is sitting now is made of wood. He is a library assistant. / I borrowed some books from him. He is a library assistant from whom I borrowed some books. It is a famous school. / He graduated from it 3 years ago. It is a famous school from which he graduated 3 years ago. The service should be improved. / The students complain a lot about it. The service about which the students complain a lot should be improved. 有一些动词短语中的介词是固定搭配，不可以拆开，一般还是放在动语之后，不提前： e.g. He is the student. / The teachers are looking for him. He is the student who the teachers are looking for. The number of the children is 30. / She takes care of the children. The number of the children who she takes care of is 30. 三： whose 的用法： 关系代词与其后的名词构成所有格，即“??的”时，它既可以修饰指人的先行词，也可以修饰指物的先行词。 e.g. The girl is my daughter. / Her work got the first prize. The girl whose work got the first prize is my daughter. Do yo