2014届高考英语二轮复习课件(湖南用) 专题五阅读填空第2讲概括信息题.pptVIP

第2讲　概括信息题 (2012·湖南高考)Since the earliest civilizations，people have controlled rivers to meet societys demands.Today，rivers are controlled for many reasons，primarily to maintain reliable water supplies for daily，agricultural and industrial needs，for power generation，for navigation(航行)，and to prevent flooding. River control is achieved by channelization，a term that covers a range of river engineering works，including widening，deepening，straightening and stabilization of banks，and by the construction of dams. An important period of channelization took place in Europe during the 19th century，when many large rivers were straightened and their beds deepened.One of the most dramatically changed was the Tisza River，a branch of the Danube that flows through Hungary.The controlling of the Tisza，designed to reduce flooding and make land for agriculture，included cutting off more than 100 meanders(河曲)，shortening the rivers length by nearly 400 kilometers. One of the most common ways in which people control rivers is by damming them.The past 50 years or so has seen an increase in dam construction worldwide，and at the beginning of the 21st century，there were about 800，000 dams globally，some towering more than 200 meters in height. Despite their successes，many dams also cause significant environmental changes that prove harmful.Some particularly deep reservoirs(水库)can bring about earthquakes due to the stress on their bottom rocks caused by huge volumes of water.Downstream of a reservoir，the river is certainly influenced in many ways：water volume，speed and quality are all affected，leading to changes in the landscape and among plants and animals. 【语篇解读】　本文介绍了河流控制的方法，如将河流加深、加宽、建设大坝等，并就某些方面给出具体的事例。此外，对于河流控制中所导致的环境问题等不利因素本文也有所涉及。 1．【解析】　本题要求填写文章的主题，需要考生通读文章，尤其是细读首尾段，领会文章主旨，并进行总结和概括。通读短文可知，本文主要介绍如何控制河流以及一些具体的做法。所以文章的主题应该是“河流的控制”。 【答案】　River Control 2．【解析】　通过文章第一段中rivers are controlled for many reasons以及其后所列举的原因可确定此处所填词。 【答案】　Reasons 3．【解析】　根据第一段中maintain reliable water supplies for...，并