高中英语外研版选修8学案：Module2SectionⅣGrammarWritingWord版含解析.docVIP

Section Ⅳ　Grammar Writing 非谓语动词 阅读下列句子并体会黑体部分的用法 1．The teacher told us to do morning exercises. 2．Its necessary for you to study hard. 3．I have got used to living in the country. 4．The building being built on the river is the Science Museum. 5．The secretary worked late into the night，preparing a long speech for the president. 6．Given more time，I can do my work better. 非谓语动词：是指在句中不能充当谓语，而是起其他语法功能的动词。非谓语动词有三种：动词不定式，动名词和分词(包括现在分词和过去分词)。非谓语动词没有人称和数的变化，但是有语态和时态的变化。 一、非谓语动词和基本形式 时态形式 主动式 被动式 不定式 一般式 to do to be done 完成式 to have done to have been done 进行式 to be doing 动词-ing形式 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done 动词-ed形式 一般式 done 二、非谓语动语的用法 (一)作主语、宾语 1．动词不定式或动词-ing形式作主语或宾语时，可用it作形式主语或形式宾语。 Eugenes never willing to alter any of his opinions.Its no use arguing with him. Nobody thinks it an easy job to have done so much in only one day. 2．动词不定式和动词-ing形式作宾语比较： 有些动词(短语)后只能接doing，如：admit，appreciate，avoid，consider，delay，enjoy，escape，finish，imagine，keep，miss，mention，practice，risk，suggest，feel like等。 Lydia doesnt feel like studying abroad.Her parents are old. Bill suggested holding a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation. 有些动词后只能接to do，如：agree，decide，expect，hope，manage，plan，pretend，refuse，threaten，wish等。 David threatened to report his neighbour to the police if the damages were not paid. I cant stand working with Jane in the same office.She just refuses to stop talking while she works. 有些动词后接doing和to do都可以，且意思差别细微或没差别，如：begin，start，hate，like，love，continue等；但另一些词差别很大，如：forget，try，remember，mean，stop，regret等。 I still remember being taken to the Famen Temple and what I saw there. His father didnt remember to lock the door before he left home，so a thief broke in and stole many things. 动词need，require，want作“需要”解时，其后须用动词-ing形式的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语。 As you know，the young tree needs watering/to be watered once in a while；otherwise，it would die soon. (二)作表语 动词-ing形式作表语表示一般或抽象的习惯性动作，也可以说明主语的特征和性质，相当于形容词。不定式作表语表示具体的或一次性的动作，特别是将来的动作。过去分