高中英语外研版选修8学案：Module3SectionⅣGrammarWritingWord版含解析.docVIP

Section Ⅳ　Grammar Writing 定语及定语从句 阅读下列句子并体会黑体部分的用法 1．The two boys are students. 2．He is a kind person. 3．The pen bought by her is made in China. 4．The people here are very friendly. 5．There are 80 women teachers in our class. 6．There comes a time when you have to make a choice. 7．This is the village where he was born. 8．He is the man whom/that I saw yesterday. 9．The man chose to live in a room whose window faces the sea. 10．This novel，which I have read three times，is very touching. 一、定语 1．单个词作定语的位置 英语中单个的形容词、数词、代词、普通格名词、分词、动名词和所有格等作定语(attribute)时，通常放在被修饰的词之前。 a stone building一座石头砌的大厦 faded flowers枯萎的花 boiling water开着的水 boiled water开水 a gone case不可挽救的事 Johns house约翰的房子 the risen sun升起的太阳 the changed world已经变化了的世界 the changing world正在变化中的世界 2．短语作定语的位置 英语中的分词短语(participial phrase)、不定式短语(infinitive phrase)、介词短语(prepositional phrase)、形容词短语(adjective phrase)和长度短语(length phrase)等，通常放在所修饰的词之后。 He had made a thorough study of all the dialects spoken in Scotland. 他对苏格兰所有的方言都做了透彻的研究。 The woman holding a baby in her arms is waiting to see the doctor. 那个抱着婴儿的妇女正等着医生看病。 It was a bolt from the blue. 这真是个晴天霹雳。 On the top of the hill there is a pagoda about a hundred feet high. 在山顶上有一座十丈高的宝塔。 This may not be the best book to start with. 一开始就读这本书不一定最合适。 3．多个单词作定语的排列次序 英语中两个或两个以上的单词作定语放在中心词前共同修饰一个名词，其基本次序是由小范围到大范围，由次要意义到主要意义，由程度弱到程度强，由一般到专有。意思越具体，物质性越强，就越接近名词。 限定词＋数量词(序数词在前，基数词在后)＋描绘词＋大小、长短、高低等形体＋新旧＋颜色＋国籍＋材料＋名词 the advanced foreign experience外国的先进经验 the ancient Chinese writer中国古代的作家 the three Japanese cities三座日本城市 a small round wooden table一张木头小圆桌 a young American artist一位年轻的美国艺术家 a nice little old black Japanese leather bag 一个小的漂亮的黑色的日本皮革旧包 a lonely white sail一面白色孤帆 a round chalk-white face灰白的圆脸 a high steep mountain陡峭的高山 a nice long new black British plastic pen一支好看的长长的崭新的黑色的英国塑料钢笔 二、定语从句 He is the man whom/that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天看见的那个人。 Please pass me the book whose cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。 The package (which/that)you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿的包快散