高英语法之情态动词.docVIP

情态动词 常用情态动词主要有can,couldwill,would,shall,should,may,might,must,need, dare,ought to,（had better,would like,would rather）。情态动词与其他动词连用表示说话人的语气。情态动词可表达建议、要求、可能和意愿等。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。 常用情态动词及作用 情态动词+have done 其他知识点 一、表能力。 can,be able to.例：Im starving to death，I can eat two bowls of rice now. 表示推测过去某动作发生的可能性时，就表示的可能性程度而言，must最大，could其次，may更次之，might最小。 I wonder how Tom knew about your past. He must / could / may / might have heard of it from Mary. 情态动词部分重点测试以下内容：（1）情态动词+动词完成式: must have done（2）情态动词+动词进行式: must be doing（3）情态动词+动词完成进行式: must have been doing（4）某些情态动词的特殊用法: need一、情态动词+动词完成式情态动词+动词完成式即“情态动词+ have + done”，表示对过去行为或动作进行推测、评论或判断。1. must have done表示对过去某事的肯定猜测。其否定形式用can(couldnt)来表示.例如：Since the road is wet, it must have rained last night.He can’t have missed the way. I drew him a map.（否定）对现在发生或将来发生的事情,要用must do表示猜测, 否定为cant do.You must be hungry after a long walk. can/could have done “本应该做什么而没做在肯定句型中, 往往用作委婉的批评有时也用作猜测You could have told us earlier.Tom could have taken the dictionary. cant/couldnt have done “过去不可能做了”“过去没能够做” He cant have forgotten it.他不可能忘了那件事。 Lily couldnt have gone there.4、may / might have done 表示推测过去某事“也许”发生了may比might表示的可能性。例如：I can’t find my keys. I may / might have left them at the school yesterday.ought to / should have done和 ought not to / shouldnt have done 用于对已发生的情况表示“责备”、“不满”，分别表示“本应该…”和“本不应该…”。1）With all the work finished, I should have gone to the party last night.2）You ought not to have made fun of him. He is not the one you laugh at but learn from.neednt have done 表示过去做了某事，但没有做的必要， 意为“本没必要…”。You neednt have waken me up; I don’t have to go to work today. had better have done 表示当时最好做了某事（否定式had better not have gone“当时最好没做”） You had better not have scolded her.要是那时你没责骂她就好了。 would rather have done宁愿当时做了（否定式would rather not have done，都表达后悔之意 I raised objections at the meeting，but I would rather have not done that. would like/love to have done 过去愿意做但未做成 I would like to have taken part in th