词类语法点总结 学案.doc

第一部分 上节课作业讲解、在家背记情况 第二部分 词类语法点巩固 名词：复数的变化规则 1.一般情况下，直接加s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds. 2.以s，x，sh，ch结尾，加es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, watch-watches. 3.以辅音字母加y结尾，变y为i, 再加es，如：family-families, hobby-hobbies. 4.以f或fe结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加es，如：thief-thieves, knife-knives. 5.以o结尾，加es，如：mango-mangoes. 加s，如：radio-radios，photo-photos. 6.不规则变化，如：man-men, woman-women, child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth. 7.不可数名词有:bread, juice, tea, coffee, water, rice等。(不可数名词相对应的be动词是is/was) 不规则变化: man-men woman-women policeman-policemen policewoman-policewomen mouse-mice child-children foot-feet tooth-teeth fish-fish people-people Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese Englishman-Englishmen Frenchman-Frenchmen deer-deer goose-geese man teacher- men teachers woman teacher-women teachers apple tree-apple trees 名词所有格： 表示人或物品所属关系时，就需要使用名词所有格。名词所有格的构成有以下规则： 1.一般情况下，在名词的末尾加’s构成。如：Tom’s book 2.以“-s”结尾的复数名词的所有格，只在其末尾加’。如：our teachers’ books 3.表示几个人共同拥有的东西时，只在最后一个名字上加所有格。 如：Su Hai and Su Yang’s bedroom 冠词：a, an和the的用法 an umbrella, an uncle, an unpleasant trip, an unusual boy, an ugly girl, an MP3 a uniform, a university, a unit, a UFO, a useful book, a European country an hour, an honest boy an “a”( e, f, h, i, l, m, n, o, r, s, x) , a “b”( c, d, g, j, k, p, q, t, u, v, w, y, z) a one-year-old baby, an eight-year-old boy, an eleven-year-old girl (无冠词)Children’s Day, May Day, the Spring Festival —I lost the book I bought last week.— Is it a black one? Do you know the boy next to Mary / the man in white? 形容词.副词的比较级： An elephant is (very, quite, so, too) big(原级). 2. A friend of mine is as heavy(原级) as me. He is not so/ as tall(原级) as her. 3. much+比较级, more+原级: He is much fatter that her. He is much more confident than her. 4. 一些特殊的句型： Jim is the taller of the two (boys). Our school is much (far/ still/ even/ a lot/a littl