falsefriends翻译.pptx

False Friends in TranslationBy 张亚敏Introduction BackgroundBoth English and Chinese are highly-developed languages and they both have abundant words and expressions of their own. However, they belong to different language systems, English belongs to Indo-European language family and Chinese belongs to Sino-Tibetan language family. So there are numerous differences in their usage of words and sentence structures.Definition Mona Baker: “False friends” are words or expressions which have the same form in two or more languages but convey different meanings.Professor Lin points out in Translation Guide: “False friend” or “False cognate”, refers to the same or similar form of two languages, which, however, have different meanings.林本椿教授在《英汉互译教程》中指出：“false friend (假朋友)或false cognate(假同源词)，是指两种语言中形式相同或非常相似， 但意义不同的词“。1. False friends in Lexical levelLexicon is the fundamental element of a language. It is the pillar for the existence of language system. Therefore, “False Friends” at lexical level appears to be more prominent and widespread, including nouns, noun phrases and idioms. WordsIdiomsExpressions 1.1 Words E.g.Busboy误译：公共汽车售票员 正译：餐馆前杂工Reason: busboy is a term used in United States of someone who works in the restaurant or catering industry clearing dirty dishes to the dishwasher, setting tables, and otherwise assisting the waiting staff. E.g. Greek gift误译： 希腊的礼物正译： 害人的礼物Reason: the “gift” here stands for the huge wooden horse to the city of Trojan.1.2 Idioms E.g. Love me, love my dog. Tom, Dick and Harry. Two heads are better than one.Look one way and row another声东击西Bread-and-butter period of life豆蔻年华In one’s birthday suit赤身裸体Handwriting on the wall不祥之兆Bring down the house博得全场喝彩Have the heart to do (用于否定句)忍心做…1.3 Expressions Look out! 当心！（不是向外看） What a shame! 多可惜！真遗憾！（不是多可耻） You dont say! 是吗！（不是你别说） You can say that again! 说得好！（不是你可以再说一遍） I havent slept better. 我睡得好极了。（不是我从未睡过好觉） You cant be too careful in your work. 你工作越仔细越好。（不是你工作不能太仔细） All his friends did not t