2016-2017学年高中英语人教版新课标必修三（浙江专版） unit 2 section ⅳ grammar writing.ppt word版含答案.docxVIP

Section Ⅳ　Grammar Writing情态动词(Ⅱ)阅读下列句子，体会黑体部分用法1．By now his restaurant ought to be full of people.2．What could have happened?3．Something terrible must have happened if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did.4．Perhaps he would be able to earn his living after all and not have to close his restaurant.1．ought to(1)表示责任和义务，意为“应该”，与should同义，但语气比should重，侧重于“责任、义务、道德、法律”等方面。You ought to work harder than your brother.你应该比你哥哥更努力地学习。[名师点津]　ought to的否定形式为ought not to(oughtnt to)；一般疑问形式是将ought提至句首，其否定答语通常用dont have to或neednt。—Ought he to see the doctor?——他该去看医生吗？—Yes，he ought to./No，he doesnt have to.——是的，他该去。/不，他不必去。(2)表示可能性，一般指较大的可能性，意为“按道理应该”。If he started at six，he ought to be here now.要是他6点就出发的话，这会儿该到这里了。2．have to/dont have to/mustnt的用法(1)have to表示客观上的必要性，意为“不得不”。由于它是由“have＋to”构成，因此它有多种时态变化形式以及人称和数的变化，其疑问句式和否定句式由助动词do构成。(2)have to的否定式dont have to，表示没有义务或没有必要做某事，意为“不必”，常可以回答以must开头的疑问句。而must的否定式mustnt表示“禁止，不许”。You dont have to finish the work now.你现在没有必要完成这项工作。—Must we hand in our homework this afternoon?——我们必须今天下午交家庭作业吗？—No，you dont have to/you neednt.——不，你们不必。(肯定回答为：Yes，you must.)(3)have to表示客观需要，而must则表示主观的看法。You must obey the rules of your school.你必须遵守学校的规则。I have to go now because its getting dark.因为天快黑了，我必须得走了。3．need的用法(1)need作情态动词时，后跟动词原形，表示“需要，有必要”，无人称和数的变化，多用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中。You neednt explain too much to me.你没有必要给我解释这么多。Need I go there now?我现在需要去那儿吗？[名师点津]　由need引导的一般疑问句的肯定回答常用must或have to，否定回答常用neednt。—Need I hand in my paper now?——我现在需要交上论文吗？—Yes，you must./No，you neednt.——是的，你必须。/不，你不需要。(2)用作实义动词，有动词的各种形式变化，可用于各种句式；其宾语可以是名词、动名词、动词不定式或代词；构成否定句和疑问句时要借助于助动词do或does。We dont need to tell him the truth.我们不需要告诉他真相。He needs our help.他需要我们的帮助。The bike needs repairing.＝The bike needs to be repaired.这辆自行车需要修理。4．情态动词＋have done的用法“情态动词＋have done”表示对过去事情的推测。各情态动词的这种具体用法如下表：can/could have done本能做而未做should/ought to have done本该做而未做may/might have done本可能做而未做would have done本来要做而未做must have done一定已经做了neednt have done本不必做而做了He must have been drinking beer.他肯定一