《高考英语必背之英语基础知识 .docVIP

高考英语必背之语基础知识 一、一个星期七天 Sunday??Monday?? Tuesday?? Wednesday??Thursday?? Friday??Saturday??二、一年十二个月 January?? February?? March???? April??????May???????? June ??July??????August?? September?? October????November????December三、一年四季 1. spring??2. summer??3. autumn??4. winter四、容易拼写错的数字 1. eighth第八 2. ninth第九 3. forty四十 4. twelfth第十二?? 5. twentieth第二十 四、亲属称呼 1. daughter (女儿) 2. niece (女性晚辈) 3. nephew (男性晚辈) 4. cousin (同辈兄弟姐妹) 5. aunt (女性长辈) 6. uncle (男性长辈) 五、以下动词加-ed或-ing要双写最后一个字母 1. regret (regretted, regretting) 后悔?????? 2. control (controlled, controlling) 控制 3. admit (admitted, admitting) 承认?????? 4. occur (occurred, occurring) 出现 5. prefer (preferred, preferring) 宁愿??????6. refer (referred, referring) 提到 7. forget (forgetting ) 忘记??????????????8. permit (permitted, permitting)允许 9. equip (equipped, equipping) 装备 注意：quarrel, signal, travel中的l可双写（英国英语）也可不双写（美国英语）六、部分过去式和过去分词不规则变化的动词 1. broadcast (broadcast, broadcast) 广播???? 2. flee (fled, fled) 逃跑 3. forbid (forbade, forbidden) 禁止???????? 4. forgive (forgave, forgiven) 原谅 5. freeze (froze, frozen) 结冰 6. hang (作“绞死”讲，是规则的；作“悬挂”讲，其过去式过去分词都是hung) 7. lie –lied –lied 说谎;????lie—lay---lain躺下??lay-laid- laid 放置 8. seek (sought, sought) 寻求???????????? 9. shake (shook, shaken) 发抖 10. sing (sang, sung) 唱歌?????????????? 11. sink (sank, sunk/sunken) 下沉 12. spread (spread, spread) 传播???????? 13. swim (swam, swum) 游泳 14. tear (tore, torn) 撕碎?????????????? 16.wear( wore; worn) 穿/戴17.hold (held, held )?????????????????? 18.make (made, made)19. keep (kept, kept)七、意思相近的词 1. check （核对）/??examine(检查)/??test（测试）???? 2. receive（收到） /??accept（接受） 3. destroy （毁坏；毁灭）/ damage（破坏）???????????????? 4. celebrate(庆祝)/??congratulate（祝贺） 5. wear sth /??dress sb??穿衣八、注意形容词变名词时的拼写变化 1. long—length 长度 2. wide—width 宽度 3. high—height 高度4. strong—strength力量 九、以-ic结尾的动词，应先把-ic变为-ick，再加ing或ed 1. picnic (picnicked, picnicking) 野餐 十、个别名词的复数拼写 1. German (Germans) 德国人 2. gulf (gulfs) 海湾 3. handkerchief (handkerchiefs) 手帕