《高三语法复习八动词.docVIP

语法复习(八)------动词 一、连系动词类 连系动词按其所表示的意义可分为以下四种： 1．变化类 表事物发展变化的过程，如:become, get, turn, grow, make, go, fall go bad / hungry / mad / wrong，fall (fell-fallen) ill / asleep ※feel (felt-felt) sick / sleepy 2．感觉类 表人体部位的感受，如feel, smell, taste, look, sound等。 His voice sounds nice. The dish tastes delicious. 3．状态类 表事物所处的状态，如keep, stay, remain, lie, sit, stand ★ prove, turn out The weather turned out (to be)fine. He proved (to be) honest / an honest person. 注：be, become, turn, remain 可带名词He remains a teacher.=He is still a teacher. He became a teacher. He turned teacher. 4．外表特征类 表外表给人的印象，如appear, seem, look等。连系动词的作用是后接形容词或相当于形容词的结构作表语。除了少数几个（如feel, get, become, grow等）外，一般不用于进行时态和被动结构。另外还有: It looks as if… It seems as if / that… It appears that… It looks as if it is going to rain. It appears as if she has lost internet in her job. It seems that he can’t stop coughing. 二、感官动词类 常考的感官动词有see, watch, notice, observe, hear, feel, find, catch等。感官动词的主要作用是后接非谓语动词的不同形式作宾语补足语，表达不同的含义。 1．后接不带to的不定式表示动作的整个过程或者还没发生具体的动作。 I often heard the song sung, but I have never heard you sing it. When you go to watch the football match, you will enjoy seeing the Chinese football team win. 2．后接V-ing形式表正在进行的动作。 Seeing the sun rising above the surface of the sea, we let out a shout of joy. Hearing this, I felt my heart beating fast. 3．后接V-ed形式表被动意义。 After his return twenty years later, he found his hometown greatly changed. Although I had learnt some English, I had never heard a word of it spoken. 三、使役动词类 表“致使”意义的动词称之为使役动词，如make, let, have, keep, leave, set, send等。使役动词的作用是后接非谓语动词的不同形式作宾语补足语，表达不同的含义。分以下三种： 1. make, let have等后接不带to的不定式，表“使／让某人／某物做某事”,但get 后接 to不定式作宾补。 Dont make him do it if he doesnt want to. If you have any problems, just let me know. 在被动结构中不定式须带to，但是have,get不用于被动结构中. He was made to apologize to the guest. 2. have, keep, leave, send, set, get等后接V-ing形式，表持续性动作。 Im sorry to keep you waiting for so long. Why do you have him worrying about his lessons? 3. have, keep, leave等后