2014年德阳市手足口病流行病学特征分析.docVIP

2014年德阳市手足口病流行病学特征分析 　　摘要：目的 了解德阳市手足口病的流行特点，以制定相应的预防控制策略。方法 对2014年德阳市手足口病疫情进行流行病学分析。结果 德阳市2014年手足口病比去年同期发病明显增高，共报告5537例，发病率为141.24/10万；发病高峰为10～11月，各县（市、区）均有报告病例，男性明显高于女性，男女发病率标化之比为1.45：1，差异有统计学意义；发病年龄为2d～60岁，病例主要集中在5岁及以下儿童，占病例总数的97.58%；实验室对363份标本开展了肠道病毒核酸检测，阳性总数为267份，阳性率为73.55%。结论 德阳市手足口病发病呈明显的季节高峰，5岁及5岁以下儿童为高危人群，散居儿童和幼托儿童是重点防控对象。加强宣传力度，提高卫生意识，是控制手足口病最有效的措施。 　　关键词：手足口病；流行病学；分析 　　Abstract：Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hand foot mouth disease in Deyang City，to develop the corresponding prevention and control strategies.Methods To analyze the epidemic outbreak of hand foot mouth disease in Deyang in 2014.Results The city of Deyang in 2014，foot and mouth disease incidence was significantly higher than the same period last year，a total of 5537 cases were reported，the incidence rate of 141.24/10 million；the peak incidence is 10～11 month，each county（city，district）have reported cases，the male was higher than female，male and female incidence standardized ratio was 1.45：1，the difference has statistical significance；the incidence of minimum the age of 2 days，a maximum of 60 years old，the cases occurred mainly in children under 5 years old accounted for 97.58%of the total，were carried out in laboratory；intestinal virus nucleic acid testing of 363 samples，the total number of positive was 267，the positive rate was 73.55%.Conclusion The incidence of hand foot mouth disease in Deyang City，is the peak season obviously，5 years of age and children under the age of 5 for high-risk groups，scattered children and preschool children is the focus of prevention and control objects.Strengthen the propaganda，to improve the health consciousness，is the control of foot and mouth disease the most effective measures. 　　Key words：Foot and mouth disease；Epidemiology；Analysis 　　手足口病（Hand-foot-mouth-disease，HFMD）是由肠道病毒引起的常见传染病，临床以发热和手、足及口腔等部位的皮疹或疱疹为主要特征[1]。其中以EV71型感染引起重症病例的比例较大[2]。为了解德阳市手足口病流行病学特点，更好地制定切实有效的预防策略，现对德阳市2014年发病情况进行流行病学分析。 　　1 资料与方法 　　1.1一般资料 流行病