我国应对蓝色壁垒的路径选择.docVIP

摘 要 随着贸易自由化的不断发展，发展中国家在国际贸易上发挥着越来越重要的作用。在经济全球化的大背景下，关税壁垒和传统的非关税壁垒在国际上发挥的作用越来越小，发达国家为了维护自身的利益，减少贸易逆差和失业率，企图通过统一全球劳工标准来限制发展中国家劳动密集型产品的出口，这种做法打着保护“人权”的旗帜，实则是一种新型的贸易壁垒，即蓝色壁垒。受到蓝色壁垒冲击的首先是密集使用劳动力的劳动密集型产业，而我国又是劳动密集型出口国，蓝色壁垒的设置会提高我国劳动密集型产品的生产成本，降低出口量，恶化贸易条件，进而影响到我国劳动密集型产品的市场竞争力。 为了认清蓝色壁垒对我国劳动密集型产业造成的影响，同时采取有效的措施来应对蓝色壁垒，争取通过蓝色壁垒来找到我们对外贸易发展的新契机。本文首先分析了蓝色壁垒产生的背景以及我国的劳工现状。人文、社会、政治、制度等因素促使了蓝色壁垒的产生。其次，通过博弈论、局部均衡理论、经济周期理论等理论实证分析说明了蓝色壁垒对我国劳动密集型产品出口数量、价格的影响，以及蓝色壁垒对我国产业结构转型的影响。再次，采取RCA、IMS、和TSC等代表我国出口产品市场竞争力的指标对蓝色壁垒对我国劳动密集型产品出口的影响进行经验实证分析，说明了蓝色壁垒对我国出口产品市场竞争力的影响。最后，从国家、企业、行业协会的角度提出了一些应对蓝色壁垒的政策建议。 关键字：蓝色壁垒；劳动密集型产品；实证分析 Abstract With the continuous development of trade liberalization, developing countries are playing an increasingly important role in international trade. Under the background of economic globalization, the role of tariff and non-tariff barriers in the international traditional play more small, developed countries in order to safeguard their own interests, to reduce the trade deficit and unemployment, an attempt by a unified global labor standards restrictions on the export of labor-intensive products in developing countries, this approach to protect the banner name of human rights, but in reality is a new trade barriers, namely blue barriers. By the impact of the first blue barriers intensive use of labor intensive industries, while China is a labor-intensive exporters, blue barriers set will increase the cost of production of labor-intensive products, reduce exports, deteriorating terms of trade , thereby affecting the competitiveness of labor-intensive products. In order to recognize the blue barriers caused by the impact of Chinas labor-intensive industries to take effective measures to deal with the blue barriers, we strive to find new opportunities for the development of foreign trade barriers through the blue. Firstly, this paper analyzes the blue Barrier background and current situation of Chinas labor. Factor in the humanities, social, political, institut