研究进展——庆应义塾大学.docVIP

Multi-effect Solar Distillation System Using Decompressed Boiling Yuichi YAMAGUCHI and Haruki SATO Department of System Design Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, JAPAN Phone: +81-45-566-1729; Fax: +81-45-566-1720 E-Mail: hsato@sd.keio.ac.jp Abstract To solve the serious shortage of safe drinking-water, solar distillation system (still) is one of the most effective tools for water supply especially in developing countries. Our group has consistently developed solar distillation systems since 1991. By adopting decompressed boiling, heat loss is reduced and it can be applied to multi-effect still because of small temperature-difference between evaporating and condensing. Problems to be solved are that distillation vessels are expensive because they have to be strong enough for negative pressure; existing heat exchangers are also expensive; and mist contamination into distilled water due to the bumping boiling. We have developed various-scaled solar stills using decompressed boiling and studied to experimentally solve above problems. This paper introduces stills developed by us and a design of new still being recently considered. Introduction Shortage and contamination of drinking water are serious problems especially in developing countries where the fundamental infrastructure for public hygiene has not yet been widely provided. More than billion people cannot access safe drinking-water. A simple mechanical device without the expendables for providing safe water from saline or contaminated water by using solar thermal-energy with the electricity provided from solar energy with an aid of solar cells is strongly required. We believe that decompressed boiling is able to get high performance of solar still. A low-cost but high performance still with a simple and strong structure can be developed. The fundamental study of decompressed boiling was started by Chiba et al. [1], a double-effe