政策清洗、消毒和sterilizationof病人.docVIP

EAST CAROLINA UNIVERSITY INFECTION CONTROL POLICY Cleaning, Disinfection, and Sterilization of Patient Care Items Date Originated: 2/26/08 Date Reviewed: 3.03.08 Date Approved: 3/3/08 Page 1 of 9 Approved by: ___________________________ ___________________________ Vice Chancellor Health Services Director, Prospective Health ________________________________ ____________________________ Chairman, Infection Control Committee Infection Control Nurse Policy: Cleaning, Disinfection, and Sterilization of Patient Care Items Purpose: The need for appropriate cleaning, disinfection, and sterilization of patient-care items has been emphasized by published reports documenting infection after improper decontamination practices. Because it is neither necessary nor possible to sterilize all patient-care items, clinical policies must identify whether cleaning, disinfection, or sterilization is indicated, based primarily on an item’s use. This policy provides a practical approach to the prudent selection and proper disinfection and sterilization processes. Cleaning Cleaning is the physical removal of foreign material, e.g., dust, soil, organic material such as blood, secretions, excretions and microorganisms. Cleaning physically removes rather than kills microorganisms. It is accomplished with water, detergents and mechanical action. Cleaning is always essential prior to disinfection or sterilization. An item that has not been cleaned cannot be assuredly disinfected or sterilized. Organic material left on a medical device left on a medical device can shield microorganisms and protect them from the action of disinfectants or sterilants or interact with the disinfectant or sterilant to neutralize the activity of the process. Disinfection Disinfection is the inactivation of disease producing microorganisms. Disinfection does not destroy bacterial spores. Disinfectants are used on inanimate objects; antiseptics are used on living tissu