ppt课件-aos100weatherandclimate.pptVIP

AOS 100: Weather and Climate Instructor: Nick Bassill Class TA: Courtney Obergfell Miscellaneous Homework due by the end of weather discussion Extra Credit Offer: - If you’re interested in an extra credit project, e-mail me with a topic you’re considering, and we’ll figure it out from there Air-mass thunderstorms (which are non-severe thunderstorms) have updrafts which are eventually cut off by the thunderstorm’s own downdrafts Severe thunderstorms have strong wind shear, which tilts the updrafts and downdrafts so that this problem doesn’t occur This allows severe thunderstorms to last longer, and become more intense Review Continued: Doppler RADAR Doppler RADAR makes use of the “Doppler Effect” to determine whether objects are traveling towards or away from the radar site Doppler RADAR measures the change in wavelength of the incoming signal (compared with the signal that was sent out) This allows meteorologists to locate areas where air is moving towards the radar with adjacent air moving away from the radar This usually indicates a tornado might be present or forming A Supercell Reflectivity: Velocity: Tornadoes Tornadoes are caused by the creation of a rotating updraft Supercell Setup Supercells form at near the surface cold front As you move upward in the atmosphere, the winds “veer” Oftentimes, very fast winds occur at upper levels These two factors help to increase the wind shear A Squall Line Dry air coming in behind the storm causes rain to evaporate, quickly cooling the air This makes the air very dense, causing it to sink rapidly to the surface, which leads to strong straight-line winds Approaching Squall Line A Squall Line Dry air coming in behind the storm causes rain to evaporate, quickly cooling the air This makes the air very dense, causing it to sink rapidly to the surface, which leads to strong straight-line winds * Review of November 12th: Thunderstorms Continued Review Continued For our purposes, we can consider tw