ppt课件-ch.1matterandchange-sisd.pptVIP

Classification of Matter Pure Substances every sample has the same characteristic properties composition ELEMENTS one type of atom Ex: iron (Fe), gold (Au), oxygen (O) (anything off the periodic table) COMPOUNDS 2 or more types of atoms: Ex: salt (NaCl), sugar (C6H12O6), water (H2O) Mixtures 2 or more substances that aren’t chemically combined and can be separated by physical means each component keeps its own identity and properties Homogeneous Mixtures uniform in composition so NO visible parts also called a solution Ex: vinegar air salt water brass brass Brass is any alloy of copper and zinc Heterogeneous Mixtures NOT uniform in composition so you CAN see visible parts Ex: soil concrete blood chocolate chip cookies sand in water soda More Examples of Mixtures Physical Separation Techniques Filtration- solid part is trapped by filter paper and the liquid part runs through the paper Vaporization- where the liquid portion is evaporated off to leave solid Physical Separation Techniques Decanting- when liquid is poured off after solid has settled to bottom Centrifuge- machine that spins a sample very quickly so that components with different densities will separate Physical Separation Techniques Paper Chromatography- used to separate mixtures because different parts move quicker on paper than other PracticeDetermine whether each of the following is element, compound, homogeneous mixture or heterogeneous mixture. air zinc chlorine granite aluminum sugar in water blood sucrose stainless steel sodium chloride brass whole milk apple table salt soft drinks vinegar concrete sodium baking soda (NaHCO3) gravel