ppt课件-chemistryoflife-myccsd.pptVIP

Chemistry of Life Chapter 6 page 141 Elements Everything on earth is made of elements Rock Flower Water Etc Definition A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler chemical substances Elements in a human Only 4 of the 90 naturally occurring elements make up more than 96% of the mass of a human O C H N Elements in the Human Body (percent by mass) Atoms Definition Smallest particle of an element that has the characteristics of that element Thus… Building blocks of elements Structure of Atoms Nucleus Contains: Protons positively charged Neutrons no charge Energy Levels Contain: Electrons negatively charged Energy Levels Page 143 Electrons travel around nucleus in energy levels 1st level can hold 2 electrons 2nd level can hold 8 electrons 3rd level can hold 18 electrons Oxygen 8 electrons 8 protons 8 neutrons Draw an example of an oxygen atom What is a compound? Water is not an element (H20) It’s a compound Substance that is composed of two or more different elements Element Atomic Number Mass Number Charge Protons Neutrons Electrons C ?6 ?12 0 6 6 6 K ?19 39 0 19 20 19 H ?1 1 0 1 0 1 Na ?11 23 +1 11 12 10 Cl ? ? ? ? ? ? N ? ? ? ? ? ? Substance Benedicts Test Iodine Test Type of Saccharide Starch - + Poly Dextrose ?+ - Mono Apple ? ? ? Potato ? ? ? Karo Syrup ? ? ? 7 - Up ? ? ? Table Sugar -? - Di Lactose ? ? ? Glucose ? ? ? Organic Compound Elements in Compound Function Examples Lipids p. 160 C:H:O Glycerol Molecule and Fatty Acid Tails Energy Storage, Protection, Insulation Fats, Steroids, Waxes, Oils Proteins p. 160-161 C:H:O:N and Sulfur Amino Acids Structure, Support, and Facilitate Chemical Reactions Muscle Tissue, Enzymes Carbohydrates p. 158 - 159 C:H:O 1:2:1 ratio C6H12O6 Energy for Cell Monosaccharides, Disaccharides, and Polysaccharides (3) Glycogen Starch Cellulose Nucleic Acids p. 163 C:H:O:N:P Phosphate Group, Sugar, Nitrogen Base Store Genetic Information DNA and RNA Isomers – Compounds with the same formula but different structures: Isotopes – A