ppt课件-chemistryreview-schoolofengineering.pptVIP

Physical Chemical Treatment Chapter 9 Chemistry Review Chapter 3 Activity - Individual Is it organic or inorganic? PCBs Methane Carbon dioxide Ammonia Lead Pesticides Organics In-Class Activity Solubility Vapor pressure Diffusion coefficient Henry’s constant Organic-carbon partition coefficient Octanol-water partition coefficient Freundlich constant Bioconcentration factor Biomagnification Volatility Amount of chemical passing through an area Sorption of an organic to another organic Increased concentration in an organism Amount of solute dissolved in a solvent Tendency to adsorb to a solid Solubility of a gas in a liquid Tendency to move from solution to gas phase Pressure exerted by a vapor on a liquid at equilibrium Sorption of an organic to the organic portion of soil or sediment Increased concentration through the food chain Physical/Chemical Treatment Methods Stripping Carbon adsorption Neutralization Precipitation Reduction/oxidation Physical Treatment Carbon Adsorption (Section 9-2) Activated Carbon Typical Column Flow Patterns Design Parameters Contaminant properties Solubility Molecular structure Molecular weight Hydrocarbon saturation Contact time Carbon exhaustion Adsorption Evaluation: Batch Test Grind GAC to pass 325-mesh screen Evaluate contact time to reach equilibrium Mix 500 mg/L GAC with waste over 24 h Determine degree of adsorption at various time intervals Choose time to achieve ? 90% removal Evaluate GAC dosage Mix various C with waste for 90% chosen time Adsorption Isotherm Plot of contaminant adsorbed per unit mass of carbon (X/M) vs. equilibrium contaminant concentration in bulk fluid Mathematical forms Langmuir: X/M = (aCe)/(1+bCe) Freundlich: X/M = kCe 1/n Example: Adsorption Isotherm Example continued Example: Adsorption Isotherm Example continued Activity – Team Example: Using Reference Data Estimate the daily carbon utilization to remove chlorobenzene from 43.8 L/s of wastewater saturated with chlorobenzene. Assume a chlo