ppt课件-orthogonalfrequencydivisionmultiplexing.pptVIP

Principles of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing and Multiple Input Multiple Output Communications Systems OFDM OFDM Material Multicarrier communications Synchronization Issues Synchronization Sidelobes OFDMA Intersymbol Interference Occurs when symbol period (Ts) is less than channel delay spread, ? ISI introduces an error floor to BER Limits maximum throughput Solutions: Equalization (high complexity) Longer symbol periods (generally means lower data rate) Multicarrier communications: Longer period, same data rate Concept: Divide original data stream at rate R into L lower rate (R/L) streams on different carriers to increase symbol time Long history KINEPLEX ANDEFT KATHRYN Effects High receiver complexity separate receiver chain per carrier Bandwidth due to sidebands Each subcarrier experiences flat fading OFDM Much simpler to create multicarrier transmission using iFFT Information carried in magnitude and phase of each bin Then can be recovered by using FFT at receiver Inverse Fourier transform would be an infinite duration sine wave Cut at Symbol duration Ts Rectangular windowing causes sinc spectrum in frequency domain with zeros at 1/Ts Orthogonal subcarriers Guard intervals and intersymbol interference If we space OFDM symbols by gaps at least as long as the delay spread, then there will be no intersymbol interference However, there will still be interference within the symbol Equalization and the DFT While using longer symbol timing means OFDM can avoid irreducible errors, still have interfering energy in band from multipath Received signal is the (linear) convolution of channel impulse response with transmitted signal DFT Circular Convolution Theorem Circular convolution of two discrete vectors in time domain Is multiplication in the frequency domain Implication: If we can make the system behave like a circular convolution, equalization is trivial complex multiplication per FFT bin at the receiver Cyclic Prefix Adding a cyclic prefix at transm