targetstracking（33页）.docVIP

Introduction to Radar Target Tracking Final report By Mohammed Soud Mohareb 120051649 Mohammed Ismail Al-faqawi 120050676 Submitted to Dr. Mohammed Uoda Islamic university Gaza January 2, 2010 Target tracking Introduction: In this project we interested in measuring the angle and range of moving targets. Before discuss target tracking principles we should introduce for some useful concepts. 1.1 Relation between beamwidth and accuracy: There is a relation between the antenna beamwidth and tracking accuracy. Antennas with wide beamwidth are less accuracy than antennas with narrow beam, so in tracking processes radar used narrower beams. Figure indicates the relation between beamwidth and accuracy One type of beamwidth which used in tracking is pencil beam which a three or four degrees wide Figure indicates the pencil beam 1.2 Line of Sight (LOS) axis: The LOS is called the radar tracking axis too. It’s the line between two symmetrical beamwidth. Figure indicates LOS 1.3 Azimuth and Elevation Error: Azimuth plane: In radian coordinates(r,theta,phi), it’s the plane when phi is varying and theta equals to 90 Elevation plane: In radian coordinates(r,theta,phi), it’s the plane when phi is a contsant and theta is varying Figure indicates azimuth and elevation plane Understanding azimuth and elevation planes make azimuth and elevation errors easy to understand. Azimuth error means radar should move left or right Elevation error means radar should move up or down Target tracking: ‘Tracking radar systems are used to measure the target’s relative position in range, azimuth angle, elevation angle, and velocity. Then, by using and keeping track of these measured parameters the radar can predict their future values’2. Targets are divided to two types: Single targets Multiple targets Single target Angle tracking: There are different ways to measure the