b r a i n s t e m c o n t r o l o f b r e a t h i n g（b r a i n s t e m c o n t r o l o f b r e a t h i n g）.docVIP

Regulation of Breathing BRAIN STEM CONTROL OF BREATHING Breathing is an involuntary process that is controlled by the medulla and pons of the brain stem. The frequency of normal, involuntary breathing is controlled by three groups of neurons or brain stem centers: the medullary respiratory center, the apneustic center, and the pneumotaxic center. Medullary Respiratory Center The medullary respiratory center is located in the reticular formation and is composed of two groups of neurons that are distinguished by their anatomic location: the inspiratory center (dorsal respiratory group) and th