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assessing metadata utilization an analysisof m a r c content（评估的元数据利用率对m a r c含量）（10页）.doc

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Assessing Metadata Utilization:An Analysis of MARC Content Designation Use William E. Moen wemoen@, Penelope Benardino pen.ben@ School of Library and Information Sciences, Texas Center for Digital Knowledge University of North Texas, U.S.A Abstract Metadata schemes emerge to meet community and user requirements, and they evolve over time to meet changing requirements. This paper reports results of an analysis of a large sample of MARC 21 bibliographic records. MARC 21 is an encoding scheme related closely to metadata elements occurring in library bibliographic records. The records were analyzed for the utilization of content designation available in MARC 21. Results indicate that less that 5% of available content designation accounts for over 80% of occurrences .The implications of these findings affect indexing policies, system design, and can inform setting requirements for extending a metadata scheme based on a threshold of community requirements. Keywords: Metadata Utilization, MARC 21, Cataloging Practices, Indexing Policies, Interoperability 1. Introduction Communities develop and evolve metadata schemes to serve their current and emerging needs. In its first incarnation, the Dublin Core Metadata Element Set comprised thirteen elements to assist in resource discovery. Subsequently two additional elements were added. Over the past six years, the metadata scheme has evolved to provide more specific encoding through the use of qualifiers, and the extensibility of Dublin Core has been exercised by a number of communities (as reflected in the application profiles created by several communities) [1]. Two significant questions emerge: When is a need significant enough to warrant additional capability in the metadata scheme? To what extent will the additional refinements and enrichment of the metadata scheme be utilized? The Machine Readable Catalog record (MARC) provides a structure for content designation used in resource description, typically in the con