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A Conceptual Analysis of Trigonometric Functions
Ryan Shannon
EMAT 6500
Dr. Kevin Moore
November 29, 2011
Definitions
1.) Larson, R. (2004). McDougal Littell Algebra 2.
a.)Angle and Measure
i.) An angle is determined by rotating a ray (half-line) about its endpoint.
ii.) The measure of an angle is determined by the amount of rotation from the initial side to the terminal side
iii.) A measure of one degree is equivalent to a rotation of 1/360 of a complete revolution about the vertex.
iv.) One radian is the measure of a central angle θ that intercepts an arc s equal in length to the radius r of the circle.
v.) Right triangle trigonometry:
Let θ be an acute angle of a right triangle. The six trigonometric functions of the angle θ are defined as follows:
sin-θ = opp/hyp ,cos-θ = adj/hyp ,tan-θ = opp/adj ,csc-θ = hyp/opp ,sec-θ = hyp/adj ,cot-θ = adj/opp
The abbreviations opp, adj, and hyp represent the lengths of the three sides of a right triangle.
Opp=the length of the side opposite θ
Adj= the length of the side adjacent to θ
Hyp=the length of the hypotenuse
The functions in the second row above are the reciprocals of the corresponding functions in the first row.
vii.) Evaluating trig functions by memorizing cases for special angles 30, 60, 90 and 45,45, 90
viii.) Definitions of trigonometric functions of any angle: Let θ be an angle in standard position with (x,y) a point on the terminal side of θ sin-θ= y/r ,cos-θ= x/r ,tan-θ= y/x x ≠0. csc-θ= r/y y≠0, ,sec-θ=r/x ,cot-θ= x/y
Because r cannot be zero, it follows that the sine and cosine functions are defined for any real value of θ. However, if x =0, the tangent and secant of θ are undefined. Similarly if, y=0, the cotangent and cosecant of θ are undefined.
ix.) Let θ be an angle in standard position. Its reference angle is the acute angle θ’ formed by the terminal side of θ and the horizontal axis.
x.) To find the value of a trigonometric function of any angle θ,
xi. Depending on the quad
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