c14 p r o d u c t i o n a n d l i f e- mc graw hill education（c14 p u r o d c t i o n n d l f e - mc graw希尔教育）（15页）.docVIP

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c14 p r o d u c t i o n a n d l i f e- mc graw hill education（c14 p u r o d c t i o n n d l f e - mc graw希尔教育）（15页）.doc

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c14 p r o d u c t i o n a n d l i f e- mc graw hill education（c14 p u r o d c t i o n n d l f e - mc graw希尔教育）（15页）

CHAPTER 14 PRODUCTION AND LIFE Objectives 1. To examine the process of primary production in the oceans. 2. To learn what factors play a critical role in regulating primary production. 3. To look at patterns of primary production in the oceans and the ways in which we can measure rates of primary production. 4. To look at the total picture of production and consumption in the oceans. Key Concepts Major Concept (I) Primary production can be divided into gross primary production and net primary production. Related or supporting concepts: - Phytoplankton contain the pigment chlorophyll which is used in photosynthesis to form new plant material. - The production of new plant material through photosynthesis is called primary production. In this process, carbon dioxide and water are combined in the presence of sunlight to produce organic compounds (sugars) and oxygen. solar energy 6CO2 + 6H2O + ---------------------- C6H12O6 + 6O2 chlorophyll - A more complete representation is : solar energy 6CO2 + 12H2O + ------------------------ C6H12O6 +6H2O + 6O2 chlorophyll - In primary productivity some of the complex organic compounds created by plants must be used by them to supply the necessary energy for life. This use occurs in the process called respiration, where sugars are broken down with the addition of oxygen to produce life support energy. C6H12O6 + 6O2 = 6CO2 + 6H2O + life support energy - The total mass of new plant material produced by photosynthesis is the gross primary productivity of the oceans. - The ultimate gain of new organic material after some of the gross product has been consumed by the existing plant community is the net primary productivity. - The total weight of living material in the seas is called the biomass of the oceans. - Primary production and biomass are typically reported as the mass of dry weight organic carbon in grams per unit area or volume. - The term “primary productivity