section40- u c c s home（section40 - u c c s回家）.docVIP

Chapter 40 Problems 1, 2, 3 = straightforward, intermediate, challenging Section 40.1 Blackbody Radiation and Planck’s Hypothesis 1. The human eye is most sensitive to 560-nm light. What is the temperature of a black body that would radiate most intensely at this wavelength? 2. (a) Lightning produces a maximum air temperature on the order of 104 K, whereas (b) a nuclear explosion produces a temperature on the order of 107 K. Use Wien’s displacement law to find the order of magnitude of the wavelength of the thermally produced photons radiated with greatest intensity by each of these sources. Name the part of the electromagnetic spectrum where you would expect each to radiate most strongly. 3. A black body at 7?500 K consists of an opening of diameter 0.050?0 mm, looking into an oven. Find the number of photons per second escaping the hole and having wavelengths between 500 nm and 501 nm. 4. Consider a black body of surface area 20.0 cm2 and temperature 5?000 K. (a) How much power does it radiate? (b) At what wavelength does it radiate most intensely? Find the spectral power per wavelength at (c) this wavelength and at wavelengths of (d) 1.00 nm (an x- or γ ray), (e) 5.00 nm (ultraviolet light or an x-ray), (f) 400 nm (at the boundary between UV and visible light), (g) 700 nm (at the boundary between visible and infrared light), (h) 1.00 mm (infrared light or a microwave) and (i) 10.0 cm (a microwave or radio wave). ( j) About how much power does the object radiate as visible light? 5. The radius of our Sun is 6.96 × 108 m, and its total power output is 3.77 × 1026 W. (a) Assuming that the Sun’s surface emits as a black body, calculate its surface temperature. (b) Using the result of part (a), find λmax for the Sun. 6. A sodium-vapor lamp has a power output of 10.0 W. Using 589.3 nm as the average wavelength of this source, calculate the number of photons emitted per second. 7. Calculate the energy, in electron volts, of a photon whos