thinkingasa production system- a c t- r（thinkingasa生产系统c - t - r）.docVIP

下载本文档

7
0
约9.34万字
约 76页
2017-01-23 发布于四川
举报
版权申诉

thinkingasa production system- a c t- r（thinkingasa生产系统c - t - r）.doc

1、原创力文档（book118）网站文档一经付费（服务费），不意味着购买了该文档的版权，仅供个人/单位学习、研究之用，不得用于商业用途，未经授权，严禁复制、发行、汇编、翻译或者网络传播等，侵权必究。。
2、本站所有内容均由合作方或网友上传，本站不对文档的完整性、权威性及其观点立场正确性做任何保证或承诺！文档内容仅供研究参考，付费前请自行鉴别。如您付费，意味着您自己接受本站规则且自行承担风险，本站不退款、不进行额外附加服务；查看《如何避免下载的几个坑》。如果您已付费下载过本站文档，您可以点击这里二次下载。
3、如文档侵犯商业秘密、侵犯著作权、侵犯人身权等，请点击“版权申诉”（推荐），也可以打举报电话：400-050-0827(电话支持时间：9:00-18:30)。
4、该文档为VIP文档，如果想要下载，成为VIP会员后，下载免费。
5、成为VIP后，下载本文档将扣除1次下载权益。下载后，不支持退款、换文档。如有疑问请联系我们。
6、成为VIP后，您将拥有八大权益，权益包括：VIP文档下载权益、阅读免打扰、文档格式转换、高级专利检索、专属身份标志、高级客服、多端互通、版权登记。
7、VIP文档为合作方或网友上传，每下载1次，网站将根据用户上传文档的质量评分、类型等，对文档贡献者给予高额补贴、流量扶持。如果你也想贡献VIP文档。上传文档

Thinking as a Production System Marsha C. Lovett and John R. Anderson Corresponding author address: Marsha C. Lovett Department of Psychology Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3890 412-268-3499 Thinking as a Production System Since their birth (ca. late 1960s), production systems have been developed as a formal tool not only for describing but for explaining how humans think. Indeed, “to advance our understanding of how humans think” is the stated goal of Newell and Simon’s classic (1972) book Human Problem Solving, where the first body of work on production-system models of human thought was presented. The main goal for production systems in psychological research has changed little in the intervening years, and yet the state of the art has advanced dramatically. The aim of the current chapter is to present a contemporary production-systems approach to open questions in problem solving, reasoning, analogy, and language. We will highlight the ways in which today’s production systems allow for more flexibility, stochasticity, and sensitivity than their predecessors. Besides demonstrating that production systems can offer insight into current questions and add to our understanding of human thinking, we will discuss our view of production systems in future research. Background on Production Systems A production system is a set of production rules – each of which represents a contingency for action – and a set of mechanisms for matching and applying production rules. Because the production rule is the fundamental unit of this formalism, it is worth giving a few examples. Table 1 presents four sample production rules written in English. Note that each is divided into two parts by the word “then”: the first part of each production rule (before the “then”) specifies the conditions under which that production rule is applicable, and the second part specifies the actions to be applied. Conditions may reflect an aspect of the external world (e.g., it i