c c c spatial computing draft two.docx（c c c空间计算two.docx草案）（24页）.docVIP

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c c c spatial computing draft two.docx（c c c空间计算two.docx草案）（24页）.doc

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c c c spatial computing draft two.docx（c c c空间计算two.docx草案）（24页）

From GPS and Virtual Globes to Spatial Computing - 2020: The Next Transformative Technology A Community Whitepaper November 2, 2012 1. Introduction Spatial computing (SC) is a set of ideas and technologies that will transform our lives by improving our understanding of the physical world, knowing and communicating our relation to places in that world, and navigating through those places. The transformational potential of spatial computing is already evident. From virtual maps to consumer global navigation satellite system (e.g., GPS or GLONASS) devices, our society has benefitted immensely from spatial technology. We’ve reached the point where a hiker in Yellowstone, a schoolgirl in DC, a biker in Minneapolis, and a taxi driver in Manhattan know precisely where they are, know the locations and details of nearby points of interest, and know how to reach their destinations. Large organizations already use spatial computing for site selection, asset tracking, facility management, navigation and logistics. Scientists use GPS to track endangered species to better understand behavior and farmers use GPS for precision agriculture to increase crop yields while reducing costs. Virtual globes [18] (e.g., Google Earth, NASA World Wind) are being used in classrooms to teach children about their neighborhoods and the world in an enjoyable and interactive way. Augmented reality applications (such as Google Goggles) [35, 54] are providing real-time place-labeling in the physical world and providing people with detailed information about major landmarks nearby. Spatial computing promises many compelling capabilities that introduce new challenges and opportunities. 1.1 Why spatial computing? Spatial computing has also transformed how we access, store, visualize, and make use of geo- graphic data. Imagine life without GPS-enabled smart phones, or emergency operations without interactive, dynamic maps. In the wake of many recent natural disasters, Google Earth has been used as a s