非线性油气悬架的矿用自卸车纵倾性能优化.docVIP

非线性油气悬架的矿用自卸车纵倾性能优化 　　摘 要： 由于矿用自卸车的悬架结构形式特殊，研究车辆抗制动纵倾性的传统分析方法并不适用于解决其“制动点头”问题.鉴于此，本文以中性面和力矩中心为基点，进行悬架平跳试验仿真和整车直线制动仿真，得到了车轮着地点运动轨迹、悬架纵向角刚度等相关参数，进而得到了整车的纵向稳定性系数.并以其为目标函数，以悬架参数为优化变量，对矿用自卸车纵倾性进行优化.优化后的仿真结果表明，悬架的纵向稳定性系数提高了19.04%，前悬架的点头量和车身俯仰角则分别减小了18.23%和15.25%.该矿用车自卸车的“制动点头”现象得到明显改善. 　　关键词：油气悬架；矿用自卸车；力矩中心；悬架参数；纵向稳定性系数 　　中图分类号：TD57 文献标识码：A 　　Optimization of the Pitching Performance of Mining Dump 　　Truck of Nonlinear Hydropneumatic Suspension System 　　GU Zhengqi 1，2， WANG Wenhui 1， WU Wenguang1，MI Chengji1 　　（1.State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacture for Vehicle Body， Hunan Univ， 　　Changsha，Hunan 410082， China；2. Hunan Univ of Technology， Zhuzhou，Hunan 412008， China） 　　Abstract：Because of the special forms of the suspensions of the mining dump truck （MDT）， common methods can not be used to solve the problem of “braking nod”. In view of those， based on the neutral plane and the moment center， suspension parallel bench test simulation and vehicle braking simulations were conducted to get the wheels contact point trajectory and the suspension longitudinal angle stiffness and so on. And then， the value of suspension longitudinal stability coefficient was obtained. It was identified as the target function， and the optimal variables were the suspension parameters， the pitching performance of MDT was optimized. The simulation result has shown that the suspension longitudinal stability coefficient is increased by 19.04%， the nodded size of the front suspension and the pitch angle decreased by 18.23% and 15.25%， respectively. The “braking nod” phenomenon of the mining dump truck was improved noticeably. 　　Key words：hydropneumatic suspension； mining dump truck； moment center； suspension parameter； longitudinal stability coefficient 　　随着经济的飞速发展，市场对大吨位矿用自卸车的需求与日俱增[1].由于其作业路面条件恶劣、驾驶室离地高度较高等原因，其抗制动纵倾性更加不容忽视. 　　汽车在制动时，由于自身惯性力的作用会造成轴荷转移，并伴随前后悬架的变形，表现为“制动点头”现象.车身点头的程度与总布置参数以及悬架的结构、参数有关.由于总布置参数受着各种要求的限制，因而在实际的汽车设计中，对制动时的车身纵向倾斜起决定作用的是悬架系统的结构和参数[2-3]. 　　目前，通