ppt课件-computerhistory(.ppt)-samos-aegean.pptVIP

Computer History Charles Babbage English inventor 1791-1871 taught math at Cambridge University invented a viable mechanical computer equivalent to modern digital computers Babbage’s first computer difference engine Babbage’s second computer Analytical engine general-purpose used binary system punched cards as input branch on result of previous instruction Ada Lovelace (first programmer) machined parts not accurate enough never quite completed invention of the light bulb, 1878 Sir Joseph Wilson Swan English physicist and electrician first public exhibit of a light bulb in 1878 Thomas Edison American inventor, working independently of Swan public exhibit of a light bulb in 1879 had a conducting filament mounted in a glass bulb from which the air was evacuated leaving a vacuum passing electricity through the filament caused it to heat up, become incandescent and radiate light the vacuum prevented the filament from oxidizing and burning up Edison’s legacy Edison continued to experiment with light bulbs in 1883, he detected electrons flowing through the vacuum of a light bulb from the lighted filament to a metal plate mounted inside the bulb this became known as the Edison Effect he did not develop this any further invention of the diode (late 1800’s) John Ambrose Fleming an English physicist studied Edison effect to detect radio waves and to convert them to electricity developed a two-element vacuum tube known as a diode electrons flow within the tube from the negatively charged cathode to the positively charged anode today, a diode is used in circuits as a rectifier the switching vacuum tube, 1906 Lee de Forest introduced a third electrode into the vacuum tube American inventor the new vacuum tube was called a triode new electrode was called a grid this tube could be used as both an amplifier and a switch on/off switches in digital computers earliest: electromechanical relays solenoid with mechanical contact points physical switch closes when electricity animat