ppt课件-exploring c p u, memoryand i o architecturesforthe2015（探索c p u,memoryand我architecturesforthe2015阿）.pptVIP

Multicore Architectures Managing Wire Delay in Large CMP Caches Bradford M. Beckmann David A. Wood Multifacet Project University of Wisconsin-Madison MICRO 2004 12/8/04 Static NUCA Dynamic NUCA Current CMP: IBM Power 5 Baseline: CMP-SNUCA Block Migration: CMP-DNUCA On-chip Transmission Lines Similar to contemporary off-chip communication Provides a different latency / bandwidth tradeoff Wires behave more “transmission-line” like as frequency increases Utilize transmission line qualities to our advantage No repeaters – route directly over large structures ~10x lower latency across long distances Limitations Requires thick wires and dielectric spacing Increases manufacturing cost Transmission Lines: CMP-TLC Combination: CMP-Hybrid CMP-DNUCA: Organization Hit Distribution: Grayscale Shading L2 Hit Latency Overall Performance I/O Acceleration in Server Architectures Laxmi N. Bhuyan University of California, Riverside /~bhuyan Acknowledgement Many slides in this presentation have been taken (or modified from) from Li Zhao’s Ph.D. dissertation at UCR and Ravi Iyer’s (Intel) presentation at UCR. Enterprise Workloads Key Characteristics Throughput-Oriented Lots of transactions, operations, etc in flight Many VMs, processes, threads, fibers, etc Scalability and Adaptability are key Rich (I/O) Content TCP, SoIP, SSL, XML High Throughput Requirements Efficiency and Utilization are key Server Network I/O Acceleration Bottlenecks Rate of Technology Improvement Rich I/O Content – How does a server communicate with I/O Devices? TCP Offloading with Cavium Octeon Multi-core MIPS 64 processor Application Oriented Networking (AON) Timing Measurement in an UDP communication Rich I/O Content in the Enterprise Trends Increasing layers of processing on I/O data Business critical functions (TCP, IP storage, security, XML etc.) Independent of actual application processing Exacerbate by high network rates High rates of I/O Bandwidth with new technologies PCI-Express technology 10/s Gb