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System Engineering and Databases Content Basic Principles of Object Orientation: Abstraction, Encapsulation, Modularity, Hierarchy Basic Concepts of Object Orientation: Object, Class, Attribute, Operation, Component, Generalization, Association, Polymorphism Strengths of Object Orientation What is Class Diagram? Object-oriented methodologies Conceptual modelling Notations in Analysis and Design Objectives: Introduction to Object Orientation Understand the basic principles of object orientation Define the basic concepts and terms of object orientation Discuss the strengths of object orientation Understand some basic UML modeling mechanisms Basic Principles of Object Orientation What is Abstraction? What is Encapsulation? Hide implementation from clients Clients depend on interface What is Modularity? The breaking up of something complex into manageable pieces What is Hierarchy? Levels of abstraction Basic Concepts of Object Orientation Object Class Attribute Operation Component Generalization Association Polymorphism What is an Object? Behavior State Unique identity What is a Class? An object is defined by a class What is an Attribute? What is an Operation? What Is A Component? A non-trivial, nearly independent, and replaceable part of a system that fulfills a clear function in the context of a well-defined architecture What is Generalization? One class inherits from another What is Association? What is Polymorphism? The ability to hide many different implementations behind a single interface Strengths of Object Orientation A single paradigm Single language used by users, analysts, designers, implementers Facilitates architectural and code reuse Models more closely reflect the real world More accurately describe corporate data and processes Decomposed based on natural partitioning Easier to understand and maintain Stability A small change in requirements does not mean massive changes in the system under development A Simple Sales Order Example What is Clas