珠江三角州沙湾断裂带第四纪活动性(修改).docVIP

珠江三角州沙湾断裂带第四纪活动性研究 董好刚 （ 中国地质调查局武汉地质调查中心，武汉，443000） 摘要 沙湾断裂是珠江三角州北西向的主干断裂，为了查清其第四系活动性，我们进行了地质地貌填图年代测定等工作年代Quaternary Activity of Shawan fault of Pearl River delta Donghaogang (Institute of Geology and Mineral of Wuhan， 430003，China) Abstract: Shawan fault zone is one of the most important fault of pearl river delta. To explain the quaternary activity of Shawan fault, a series of work was carried out, such as 1:50000 scale geological mapping , fault?activity?dating, determination of radon, shallow seismic reflection and Joint drilling verification etc. According to the analysis of quaternary geomorphology and fracture coupling, the character of history seismic reflection, the fault is still activity;Field survey and shallow seismic reflection show that the faults didn’t cut quaternary, radon measurement also show that the fault activity strength is weak;?ESR?chronology show that the activity strength is Relatively strong before late pleistocene?, afterward become weak; tectonic analysis of luohanshan indicated local district was in tension environment, but activity strength became weaker and weaker since late Holocene?. In short, Shawan fault is still activity, but the strength is weak. [Key words] delta of pearl river ,Shawan fault , quaternary geomorphology, shallow seismic reflection ,age test,,the quaternary activity 1、引言 沙湾断裂带通过珠江三角州经济区核心区域，是该区北西向的主干断裂[1-7]。通过1:50000地质调查，基本查清了沙湾断裂区内的分布和基本特征。区内断裂主要出露于番禺大乌岗、沙湾镇、龙湾村、紫坭村及南沙大涌、禾谷山和黄山鲁一带，主要发育于白垩系和花岗岩中，由F007-F014等一组北西向断裂组成，区内延伸约70km，影响宽度约25km。断裂走向290°～ 320°，倾向以SW为主，部分倾向NE，单条断裂长约10～50km，宽度一般为几米至几十米，由于大部分地区为第四系覆盖，只有部分地区见有露头(图1)。 关于沙湾断裂带活动性，前人研究结论存在分歧。宋方敏等对沙湾断裂的两盘4个可对比钻孔的相对高度及测年计算得出，晚更新世以来，两盘相对位移速率为0.38-0.39mm／a，判定其为弱活动性构造[8]；李纯清等认为沙湾断裂目前是北西向断裂中最为活动的一条断层，且这条断层与多次历史地震有关[9]。陈伟光根据氡气和汞气测量结果认为其活动性偏弱[10]；张虎男等则认为，“北西向断裂断裂活动的强度相差较大，在其影响带内的花岗斑岩，几乎没有应力作用的迹象。而沙湾断裂构造岩的分布不仅有一定的宽度，还可细分为若干不同的岩性-变形带”，所以可推断其经过了多期活动，活动性较强[11]。刘尚仁从河流阶地的研究入手认为珠江三角洲非断块型三角洲，今后相当长时问本区新构造运动以问歇性差异下沉或稳定为主的趋势将继续下去[12]；黄玉坤、陈国能等则从断裂活化、断块差异升降的角度研究沙湾断裂对珠江三角洲形成发展