PowerElectronics-14.ppt

ECE 364 – Power ElectronicsSession 14 – Indirect Dc-dc Converters, Examples, Converters With Isolation. P. T. Krein Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Power Electronics Buck-boost examples The boost-buck converter Isolation: the flyback converter Example Input: +5 V to +15 V Output: -12 V + 0.5% Power: 10 W to 20 W Switching: 100 kHz Find a circuit, and then L, C, andduty ratios to meet these needs. Duty Ratios The converter gives Vout = -D1Vin/(1-D1), when Vout is defined as on this drawing. With +5 V in and -12 V out, 12 V= D1(5 V)/(1-D1). The solutions: D1=12/17, D2=5/17. With +15 V in and -12 V out, (12 V) = D1 (15 V)/(1-D1). The solutions: D1 = 12/27 = 4/9, D2 = 15/27 = 5/9. They add to 1. Currents To meet the need, D1 must be adjustable from 4/9 to 12/17, or 0.444 to 0.706. At 10 W, the average output current is (10 W)/(12 V)= 0.833 A. The input current depends on duty. Let’s allow + 5% inductor current ripple (somewhat arbitrary). Inductor Current Since Iout = D2 IL, the inductor current is Iout/D2. For 10 W to 20 W, the output is 0.833 A to 1.67 A D2 ranges from 5/17 to 5/9, so Is could be as high as 1.67/(5/17) = 5.67 A. It could be as low as 0.833/(5/9) = 1.5 A. Inductor Value The + 5% current variation limit is most restrictive with the lighter load (10 W). When switch #2 is on, the inductor sees -12 V, and its current falls. 12 V = vL = L di/dt = L Di/Dt. The time is D2 T, with T = 10 us. We want (12 V)(D2 T)/L = Di, and Di (0.1)(0.833)/D2. The Current Change This reduces to L 144 D22 T. We need it to work for all allowed duty values. Highest is 5/9. A 0.444 mH inductor should meet the requirements over the entire range. Capacitor Value Output capacitor must carry the load current when switch #2 is off. Consider this interval: iC = Iout when #2 is off, and iC = C dv/dt  = C Dv/Dt ? since iC is constant during the interval when #