虚拟语气及专项练习题讲解.docVIP

虚拟语气的用法及专项练习题 虚拟语气表示一种假设的情况，或一种主观的愿望，即动词所表示的动作或状态并非事实，或不可能实现。英语虚拟语气的形式有下列几种： 一、与现在事实相反 连接词 条件从句 结果从句 If 1.动词过去式(或were) 2.助动词（过去式）+动词原形 Should ??? Would?? +动词原形 could might If had the time, John would make a trip to China to see the Great Wall. If I were you, I would give up drinking immediately. 二.与将来事实相反 连接词 条件从句 结果从句 If 1.???? should+动词原形 2.???? 动词过去式 3、were to+动词原形 Should Would???? +动词原形 could might If you should lose, what would you do? If I were to see her tomorrow, I would tell her thetruth. If you went there next time, you would see what I mean. 三、与过去事实相反 连接词 条件从句 结果从句 If had+过去分词 Should ????? Would?? + have+过去分词 could might If I’d known that it was going to rain, I would never have gone for a walk in the country. 四、虚拟语气的几种特殊用法 省掉if的条件从句结构： Had you asked me, I would have told you.??? (=If you had asked me,…) 2.有时虚拟条件不用条件从句而用不定式、分词、介词、名词、连接词或定语从句来表示，如： A true friend would not do such a thing. (=If he were a true friend, he...) (=If there were no water,…) (=If you hadn’t helped me,…) 例句：Without your advice, our meeting wouldn’t have been so successfully. [过去] （=可转换为：If there hadn’t been your advice, we …） Your notes are almost illegible (难以辨认的). Notes typed out would be a lot easier to read. [将来] (= 可转换为：If the notes had been typed out, it would be a lot easier to read.) I should have gone to see Dr. Smith and he might have cured me of the disease.[过去] (= 可转换为：If he have gone to see Dr. Smith, he ..) 3.???? 有时条件从句中的动作和结果从句中的动作发生的时间不一致，如： If he had followed the doctor’s advice, he would be quite all right now. If I were you, I would have gone home. 虚拟条件句的从句部分含有were,?should,?或had时,?可省略if，再把were,?should或had?移到从句的句首，实行倒装。例如： 　?Were?they?here?now,?they?could?help?us.?=If?they?were?here?now,?they?could?help?us.他们现在在的话，就会帮助我们了。 　?Had?you?come?earlier,?you?would?have?met?him.?=If?you?had?come?earlier,?you?would?have?met?him.你来得早一点，就碰到他了。 　?Should?it?rain,?the?crops?would?be?saved.?=Were?it?to?rain,?the?crops?would?be?saved.假如下雨，庄稼就有救了。 注意：在虚拟语气的从