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2- departmentof atmosphericand oceanic science（2 - departmentof atmosphericand海洋科学）.doc

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Tropical Instability Waves at 0oN, 23oW in the Atlantic: A case study using PIRATA mooring data Semyon A. Grodsky1*, James A. Carton1, Christine Provost2, Jacques Servain3,4, Joao A. Lorenzzetti5, and Michael J. McPhaden6 Submitted to Journal of Geophysical Research - Oceans March 1, 2005 Revised May 20, 2005 1 Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science University of Maryland College Park, MD 20742, USA 2 Laboratoire dOcéanographie Dynamique et de Climatologie (Paris),? Universite Paris VI, 4, Pl. Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex, France 3 Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD) - UR 065, France Present affiliation: 4 Funda??o Cearense de Meteorologia e Recursos Hidricos (FUNCEME) Av. Rui Barbosa, 1246 60115-121 - Fortaleza, CE, Brazil 5 National Space Research Institute (INPE), Remote Sensing Division Av. Astronautas, 1758 12227-010 S?o José dos Campos, SP, Brazil 6 NOAA/Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory 7600 Sand Point Way NE Seattle, WA 98115 * corresponding author senya@ Abstract. Temperature, salinity, velocity, and wind from a mooring at 00 N, 230 W are used along with satellite sea surface temperature and sea level to examine the contribution of Tropical Instability Waves (TIWs) to the energy and heat balance of the equatorial Atlantic mixed layer. The TIWs appear as periodic 20-30 day fluctuations of currents, temperature, and salinity, which intensify beginning in June and peak in late boreal summer. The intensification occurs in phase with strengthening of the southeasterly trade winds and the seasonal appearance of the equatorial tongue of cold mixed layer temperatures. In 2002 these waves, which warm the mixed layer by 0.350 C during summer months, are maintained by both barotropic and baroclinic conversions that are of comparable size. Salinity fluctuations, previously neglected, increase the magnitude of baroclinic energy conversion. 1. Introduction. A tongue of relatively cold water (25o C)