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preservationand management strategiesfor exceptionally（preservationand管理strategiesfor异常）.doc

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Preservation and Management Strategies for Exceptionally Large Data Formats: Big Data Review of nature of technologies and formats Tony Austin Jen Mitcham 10 May 2007 This report has been produced as part of the Big Data Project. It is a technical review of each of the Big Data technologies currently practised by archaeologists with a consideration of data formats for preservation and future dissemination. As well as data acquisition there will be an analysis phase to any project. Survey normally involves a series of traverses over a spatially defined area. Composite mosaics can be produced as either part of acquisition or as part of post processing. The composite can then be fed into a range of geospatial tools including 3-D visualization. Examples include Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and Computer Aided Design (CAD) software. Discussion as indicated by the Big Data questionnaire and the project case studies focuses on the following technologies ? Sonar (single beam, bathymetry and sub bottom profiling) ? Acoustic Tracking ? 3D Laser Scanning ? Geophysics ? Geographic (eg GIS) ? LiDAR ? Digital Video Raster (still) images and Computer Aided Design (CAD) also featured in the questionnaire but are covered more than adequately elsewhere. See, for example, the recent AHDS Digital Image Archiving Study and the CAD: A Guide to Good Practice A tabular summary of Big Data formats can be found at the end of this document (table 1). This structure has been adopted rather than considering formats under each technology as the formats often span technologies. For example, SEG Y available in a number of maritime applications (see table 1) is a generic seismic survey format. This summary does not pretend to be inclusive but rather a representative flavour of the vast range of formats that seem to be associated with Big Data. Sonar Sonar (SOund NAvigation and Ranging) is a simple technique used by maritime archaeologists to detect wrecks. It uses sound waves