19.于老师简单句和句子成分专题反意疑问句专题.docVIP

简单句和句子成分专题 考点1 简单句的五大基本句式： 主语+系动词+表语 He look happy today, 主语+不及物动词（+状语） The price has gone down. 主语+及物动词+宾语 We help each other. 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 Yesterday he gave us some new pens./gave some new pens to us. Father bought me a new bike yesterday./bought a new bike for me yesterday. 这种句型是及物动词带双宾语，当句中间接宾语放在直接宾语前时，间接宾语要加介词_____或_______.这种动词有give, hand, read, show, tell, throw, wish, buy, do, make, ask, leave等。 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补 call, name, make 等动词通常用名词作宾补 They named their son Dick. We all call my pet dog “Little Tom”. keep, get, find, make 等动词常用形容词作宾补 We want to make our school more beautiful. 不定式作宾补通常用在ask, like, tell, want 等动词之后 I like the children to study hard. 在使役动词let, have, make和感官动词see, watch, hear, feel 等后面用不带to的不定式作宾补，help 后面的宾补不定式带to,不带to都可以。 Don’t have the students do too much homework. 即学即练：找出下列句子的句子结构。 Happy birthday, Alice. So you have turned twenty-one already. On hearing the news of the accidents in the coal time, she went pale. I was wondering if we could go skiing on the weekend. Books of this kind sells well. She sent her mother a nice new car. I want the letter to be ready tomorrow. 考点2 祈使句和感叹句 肯定的祈使句 1）句型：动词原形+其他成分（省略主语） Stand up. 2）有时为加强语气可以在动词前加do Do study hard. 3）用客气的语气表示祈使句时，可在句首或句尾加上please,但如果在句尾加please 前面一定要加逗号。 Go this way, please. 4）祈使句中如果有呼语，一定要用逗号隔开，放在句首或句尾。 Li Ming, come here. 2. 否定的祈使句 Don’t +动词原形+其他成分 Don’t swim in the river. 3. 含有第一，第三人称主语的祈使句：Let +me/us +其他成分。Let+第三人称（him/her/it/them或名词）+其他成分。Let’s say good-bye here. Don’t let him do that again. 4. 祈使句+and/or/otherwise+简单句， 相当于if引导的条件状语从句。 Use your head, and you’ll find a way. Hurry up, or you’ll be late for the party. 即学即练： ----Oh, I failed again. ----Don’t lose heart. One more effort, ______ you will succeed. A so that B therefore C however D and 2. ----How can I wake up so early? ----Set the alarm at 5 o’clock, ______ you’l