英语大纲新增词汇讲解系列一.docVIP

2011英语大纲新增词汇讲解系列一 1．absence n. 1.缺席，不在2.缺席的时间，外出期3.缺乏，不存在 【同】inadequacy; nonattendance; vacancy 【例】 1. 缺席的,不在场的[(+from)] Three members of the class were absent this morning. 今天早晨该班有三人缺席。 2. 缺少的,不存在的 Snow is absent in his country. 他的国家不下雪。 3. 茫茫然的,心不在焉的[B] He had an absent look on his face. 他脸上露出心不在焉的神色。 2. absent adj. ①[表语]缺席、不在②[定语]心不在焉的 注意：be absent from + 地点表示“不在某地” be absent in + 地点表示“外出去某地” be absent from the meeting“缺席” be absent in...当主语是无生命的名词时，意为“没有……” [例句与例词] an absent look on his face心不在焉的表情 He is absent in Europe．他现在外出在欧洲。 He is absent from Europe．他现在外出不在欧洲。 He is absent from the meeting．他开会缺席了。 He was absent from his work．他擅离职守。 Snow is absent in some countries．有些国家终年无雪。 3. abuse n. 1.滥用，妄用2.虐待，伤害3.辱骂，毁谤 vt. 1.滥用，妄用2.虐待，伤害3.辱骂，毁谤 【同】insult; mistreat; victimize 【例】 Its easy to abuse ones power. 人容易滥用权力。 They talked about how the uses and abuses of figures to prove things in politics. 他们谈到人们如何在政治问题上使用及滥用数字来混淆视听。 4. accommodation n. [常pl.] 住处，膳宿 【同】settlement; convenience; lodging 【例】 I have no method to make accommodation to my quests. 我无法给客人们安排住宿。 Hotel accommodation was scarce during the Olympic Games. 奥运会期间，旅馆房间很难找。 Its a great accommodation to me. 这对我极为方便。 This hospital has accommodation for 200 patients. 这家医院有二百个床位. 5.ache n. 疼痛 vi. 痛, 哀怜, 渴望 【医】 疼痛 The aching tooth has been nagging at me for a whole week. 牙痛已经使我整整一周不得安宁了 The children are aching for the holidays. 孩子们急盼假期的到来 My shoulders feel stiff and my back aches. 我肩酸背痛。 6. acid n.〈化〉酸，迷幻药 LSD adj. 酸味的，像醋的，脾气坏的，〈化〉酸性的；酸的 a solid acid formed by reactions of orthophosphoric acid. 一种固体酸，由正磷酸反应形成。 n acid derived from sulphuric acid. 从硫磺酸衍生而来的酸。 synthesis of nucleic acid 核酸的人工合成 7. acre n. 英亩(一英亩=4046.87平方公尺, 相当于中国6.070亩); [pl.]土地.耕地, 地产; [口]大量, 甚多 1. Developing a30 - acre tract. 开拓三十英亩土地不适合 2. The house stands in 500 acres of rolling parkland. 那所房子周围有500英亩起伏不平的草地.不适合 3. Seed that yields up to 300 Bushels per acre. 每英亩能产三百蒲式耳的种子不适合 4. Erosion has dissolved acres