必修1Unit1Friendship陈述句疑问句的直接引语变间接引语.docVIP

年 级 高一 学 科 英语 版 本 人教实验版 内容标题 必修1 Unit1-2 Direct speech and Indirect speech 编稿老师 李艳 【本讲教育信息】 一、教学内容： 必修1 Grammar: Direct speech and Indirect speech: statements and questions （一）陈述句直接引语变间接引语 （二）疑问句直接引语变间接引语 二、知识精讲： 引述别人的话语一般采用两种方式:一是原封不动地引用原话,把它放在括号内,这叫直接引语(Direct speech);一是用自己的话加以转述, 这叫间接引语(Indirect speech).这两种引语都是宾语从句。 观察下面的句子，注意直接引语变为间接引语后，发生了哪些变化。 1) She said to me, “I can’t finish the work today.” She told me (that) she couldn’t finish the work that day. 2) She said to me, “Have you read this book?” She asked me whether / if I had read that book. 3) She said to her father, “How will you come here tomorrow?” She asked her father how he would go there the next day. 4) She said, “He left twenty minutes ago.” She said (that) he had left twenty minutes before. 5) She said, “What are you doing now?” She asked (me) what I was doing then. 小结归纳 通过以上例句我们可以发现，直接引语变为间接引语时，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语、动词等都需要进行相应的变化。我们来归纳一下以上例句中所发生的变化： （一）陈述句直接引语变间接引语 直接引语如果是陈述句，在变为间接引语时，用连接词that引导（口语中可以省略），句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等都要作相应改变。 1. 人称的变化。由第一、二人称变为第三人称。 e.g. She said, “ Your Pronunciation is better than mine”. She said that my pronunciation was better than hers. I— he/she me/you—him/her my—his/her we—they us—them our—their mine—his/hers myself—himself/herself ours—theirs ourselves—themselves 2. 时态的变化。 如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，从句的谓语动词在时态上一般都要相应地“退后一步”，即：一般现在时变为一般过去时。 时态变化 直接引语 间接引语 一般现在时—一般过去时 He said, “ I walk to school.” He said that he walked to school. 现在进行时—过去进行时 He said, “I am walking to school.” He said that he was walking to school. 现在完成时—过去完成时 He said, “I have walked to school.” He said that he had walked to school. 一般过去时—过去完成时 He said, “I walked to school.” He said that he had walked to school. 过去完成时不变 He said, “I had walked to school.” He said that he had walked to school. 一般将来时—过去将来时 He said, “I will walk to school.” He said that he would walk to school. 3. 指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化 e.g. She said, “I will come here again tonight.” She said that she would go there