CISCO工程师内部培训资料_OSPF讲解及排错.pptVIP

Database与路由表不一致 当ospf邻居在full状态下，database中的路由与路由表中的路由是一致的，但有些时候确会出现不能装载路由表的情况，当使用命令show ip ospf database查看路由信息时会出现以下信息： Adv Router is not-reachable LS age: 418 Options: (No TOS-capability, DC) LS Type: Router Links Link State ID: 172.16.32.2 Advertising Router: 172.16.32.2 LS Seq Number:Checksum: 0xFA63 Length: 60 Number of Links: 3 例如： 路由表错误原因 1: Network Type Mismatch 网络类型不匹配 2: Wrong Address Assignment in DUAL Serial Link Setup 双广域网连接线路中IP地址分配错误 3: One Side of Point-to-Point Link Included in Wrong Majornet or Subnet 4: One Side Is Unnumbered and the Other Side Is Numbered 5: Broken PVC in Fully Meshed Frame Relay Environment 6: Forwarding Address Known via an External Route 7: Distribute List Is Blocking the Routes 除去个别的CASE中是由于配置错误或物理线路中断引发路由表错误以外，最有可能出现的原因有： 原因一 网络类型不匹配 1、使用show ip ospf interface查看网络类型 2、在接口下使用ip ospf network 命令统一网络类型 3、在网络中，如果一个结点为multipoint，其余为sub-interface子接口，则必须统一配置为broadcast 原因二、原因三 R4-4K(4)# show ip ospf neighbor Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface 172.16.32.2 1 FULL/ - 00:00:37 172.16.32.2 Serial2 172.16.32.2 1 FULL/ - 00:00:31 172.16.29.2 Serial3 原因四 R1-7010(5)# show ip ospf database router 172.16.35.1 OSPF Router with ID (172.16.30.1) (Process ID 20) Router Link States (Area 0) Adv Router is not-reachable LS age: 396 Options: (No TOS-capability, DC) LS Type: Router Links Link State ID: 172.16.35.1 Advertising Router: 172.16.35.1 LS Seq Number: Checksum: 0xBEA1 Length: 48 Number of Links: 2 原因五 正常情况下ospf路由是没有问题的，但当其中一台路由器的pvc中断的时候就会引发故障，如：当R9路由器与R3之间的pvc故障。 DR 原因六 R2515 router ospf 1 redistribute rip metric 20 subnets network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 area 1 router rip network 3.0.0.0 R2504 router ospf 1 network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 3.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 1 area 1 range 3.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 原因六 R2507# show ip route Gateway of las