浅析小香山隧道施工技术吴征旭.docVIP

中文摘要 隧道设计与施工着眼点,主要在于如何防坍塌、防水及提高施工速度。几十年来,我们虽然在隧道设计理论和施工技术上都取得了很大的进步,特别是目前的施工机械化程度己远远超过了20世纪50年代。但至20世纪70年代末以前,我国在隧道建设中,基本上仍然停留在传统的设计理论与施工方法上。在矿山法施工中,实施新奥法的技术措施主要有四项,即控制爆破、喷锚支护、应力与变形量测以及二次衬砌。施工时隧道断面一般分为上下两部分或全断面一次开挖成型。由于以喷锚支护代替传统的木支撑,不仅有利于去护作业的机械化,而且洞内净空宽敞,也极有利于各种作业的大型机械配套施工,充分体现了主动型的新型支护技术的优越性。 隧道采用复合式衬砌结构,亦即开挖后先用喷锚进行第一次支护,然后通过量测并待围岩变形基本稳定后,再修筑模筑混凝土衬砌,习惯上称为二次支护。 ? 关键词：锚杆 超前支护 二次衬砌 监控量测 ? ? ? ? ? ? ?? Abstract Tunnel Design and Construction focus, mainly how to prevent collapse, water, and improve construction speed。 For decades, though we in the tunnel design theory and construction technology have made great progress, especially in the construction of the present level of mechanization has been far far more than 50 years of the 20th century。 But to the late 20th century, 70 before the construction of the tunnel, still largely remain in the traditional design theory and construction methods。 in mine construction method, the implementation of the new Austrian law, technical measures There are four, namely, controlled blasting, shotcrete support, stress and deformation measurements and the secondary lining。 construction of the tunnel section is generally divided into two parts or the whole cross-section forming an excavation。 due to the anchor instead of the traditional spray wooden support, not only help to protect the mechanization of operations, and the spacious headroom inside, but also is conducive to supporting a variety of operating heavy machinery construction, fully reflects the new initiative to support technology-based advantages。 Tunnel composite lining structure, which after the first excavation carried out by spraying the first anchor support, and then through the surrounding rock deformation to be measured and stable, and then built the model built of concrete lining, customarily referred to as secondary support 。? Key Words: Bolt advance support secondary lining monitoring and meas 目??录 第1章??绪论．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．