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THE FIRE SAFETY DESIGN OF APARTMENT BUILDINGS 13 FIRE SAFETY MATRIX The objective of this fire safety matrix is to provide a guide for the fire engineering design of apartment buildings. The matrix is only intended for guidance and an appropriately qualified fire safety engineer should verify the final design. The three main fire scenarios that should be considered in the design of apartment buildings are: a smouldering fire in an apartment, a flaming fire in an apartment and a fire in common spaces (ie stairs and corridors). Irrespective of the building and occupant characteristics, some minimal fire safety measures should be implemented in all apartments. The following is a list of essential fire safety measures that should be provided in all apartment buildings: ??Smoke detectors ??Heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system to shut down on fire alarm ??A 30-minute minimum fire resistance between apartments, vertical shafts and floors. 13.1 Emergency strategy Brief descriptions of the emergency strategy, or emergency plans used in the matrix are provided below. ??Evacuation – on alarm all occupants evacuate the building. ??Non evacuation – occupants in the room of fire origin evacuate the building. Other occupants remain in their rooms, waiting for fire brigade assistance and advice, and carry out protect-in-place activities. ??Staged evacuation – occupants in the room of fire origin and on the fire floor evacuate first. The remaining occupants are directed to evacuate automatically in the following sequence until the fire brigade intervenes. Occupants immediately above the fire floor evacuate after those on the fire floor, followed by the floors above. Occupants on levels below the fire floor are evacuated last. Fire brigade intervention can alter the sequence of evacuation, or halt the evacuation in response to current conditions or any changes. 13.2 Occupants at risk For the three fire scenarios and the three emergency strategies, the following