Energy Expenditure at Rest Physical Activity在休息和体力活动的能量消耗.pptVIP

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Energy Expenditure at Rest Physical Activity在休息和体力活动的能量消耗.ppt

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Energy Expenditure at Rest Physical Activity McArdle, Katch, Katch Chapter 8 Energy Expenditure at Rest Basal Metabolic Rate BMR is rate of energy expenditure fasted, rested and supine conditions in thermoneutral environment. Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR) is rate of energy expenditure when at rest but not basal ( BMR). BMR proportional to BSA, after age 20 ? 2% 3% per decade in women and men, respectively When RMR expressed per unit LBM, no difference BMR represents largest fraction of TEE in sedentary Energy Expenditure at Rest Influence of Body Size Differences in body size usually expressed in terms of body surface area (BSA). From 20-40, average values BMR are 38 kcal/m2 per hour for men and 36 kcal/m2 for women. Lower BMR in women can be attributed to woman’s larger percent body fat smaller muscle mass. Energy Expenditure at Rest Estimate Resting Daily Energy Expenditure Estimate kcal expenditure during rest by multiplying one’s surface area from nomogram by appropriate kcal expenditure/m2 per hour by 24 hrs. Also possible to use Harris Bennedict formulas. Estimated values w/i ± 5% measured values. Energy Expenditure at Rest Components of Total Daily Energy Expenditure Physical Activity: 15-30% of TDEE Dietary Induced Thermogenesis (~10% TDEE) Thermic effect from processes of digesting, absorbing, assimilating nutrients. Thermogenesis reaches maximum w/i 1 hr post Thermogenesis can vary 10%-35% of ingested food energy Resting Metabolic Rate Energy Expenditure at Rest Factors affecting Total Daily Energy Expenditure Climate. RMR of people in tropic climate averages 5-10% higher. RMR in extreme cold can triple. Pregnancy. Energy Expenditure in Physical Activity Expression of Energy Expenditure Total (gross) – Resting energy expenditure (REE) = Net energy cost of the activity per se. Recovery energy included in Total = exercise energy + recovery energy. Utilization of 1 liter of O2 generates about 5 kcal of energy. Net O2 cost of exercise = exercise VO2 + reco