English Civil War, 160389 Hinsdale Central High 英国内战160389 Hinsdale中央高.pptVIP

English Civil War, 1603-89 Causes Political and constitutional conflict over sovereignty unique British traditions religious conflicts over extent of Protestant Reformation complex social causes--rise of gentry and mercantile elites (caveats) James I, Stuart King Followed beloved Elizabeth I “True Law of Free Monarchies” physical appearance conflict over church structure extent of reform Gunpowder Plot, 1605 Duke of Buckingham Charles I (1625-49) Petition of Right, 1628 personal rule, 1629-40 Archbishop William Laud and Book of Common Prayer ship money, knight tax, Star Chamber Puritans and Oliver Cromwell, John Pym invasion of Scotland English Civil War, 1640-49 Long Parliament, 1640-53 prosecution of king’s officials Triennial and other acts coup of 1642 New Model Army and Cromwell Roundheads v. Cavaliers king captured in 1646 Trial and Execution of King Charles escapes in 1648 w/Scots captured by New Model Army in 1648 Presbyterians, Independents, Levellers/Diggers (Putney Debates) Pride’s Purge and Rump Parliament Jan. 31, 1649--Charles beheaded Cromwell, Lord Protector Vigorous mercantilist policy invasion of Ireland and Scotland dissolution of Rump, 1653 Instrument of Government military districts and high taxes Cromwell dies in 1658 Restoration of Stuarts in 1660 Charles II Test Act and conflict over religion Charles’s religious convictions pro-French policy and subsidies Catholic plots and anti-Catholicism role of J of Peace Whigs and Tories (succession) personal rule after 1672 Glorious Revolution, 1688-89 James II and “open Catholicism” birth of “baby James” nobles invite Mary (James’s daughter and William of Orange) Glorious Revolution and Battle of Boyne future pretenders--1715, 1745 Bill of Rights and Parliament sovereign King in Parliament Whigs and Tories patronage, Bank of England, “pocket boroughs” Prime Minister (Walpole) and Hanoverians “Wilkes and Liberty” Act of Union (1707) Britain’s unique achievement * *