Employment and Social Inclusion for Green Growth in 就业和社会包容性的绿色增长.pptxVIP

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Employment and Social Inclusion for Green Growth in 就业和社会包容性的绿色增长.pptx

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Employment and Social Inclusion for Green Growth in Africa Amal Mowafy and Moustapha Kamal Gueye Decent Jobs for Egypt’s Young People Project (DJEP) / ILO Green Jobs Programme International Labour Organization Outline Global employments trends and Africa Growth, productivity and poverty: The African context Green economy and labor market dynamics Building and upgrading skills Unleashing African green entrepreneurship Working with the informal sector for better jobs Global employment trends Almost 202 million people unemployed in 2013, an annual increase of almost 5. Global unemployment set to worsen - more than 215 million jobseekers by 2018. Youth unemployment rate at 13.1% is almost three times as high as the adult unemployment rate – reaching a historical peak. Total unemployment in SSA is at 7.8%. Higher in North Africa, particularly for youth. Vulnerable employment is at 77.4% - the highest of all regions (world average 48%). Working poverty is declining slower than in previous decades, with 839 million workers (or 26.7% of total employment) living on less than US$2 a day. Source: ILO: Global Employment Trends 2014 Growth, productivity and poverty in Africa Economic growth improved certain labour market indicators, however employment and poverty reduction still limited, because: Low growth–poverty elasticity: a 1% increase in growth reduces poverty by only 1.6% in SSA, compared to 3.2% in North Africa and 4.2% in Eastern Europe and Western Asia (UNECA/AUC, Economic Report on Africa, 2011). Low national and regional productivity in particular due to agriculture and its large share in most economies (ILO, Global Employment Trends 2013). Employment only plays its intermediary role between growth and poverty reduction if jobs are productive. A green economy could offer opportunities to improve both resource and labor productivity. Green economy and labour market dynamics Green growth can affect labor markets primarily in two ways: Transitions will caus