Personality and behavior专用课件.ppt

Perspectives on Individual behavior Health Administration School Anhui Medical University Jiangzhen 22/05/2010 The Organization as an Iceberg Metaphor Behaviors of Interest to OB Employee productivity The efficiency and effectiveness of employees Absenteeism The election by employees to attend work Turnover The exit of an employee from an organization Organizational citizenship Employee behaviors that promote the welfare of the organization Plan for today’s lecture Demographic characteristics Ability Individual behavior and personality What is personality? Personality theories Personality in the organization Individual behavior Both innate factors and Environmental factors affects our behavior. (Lewin, 1951) B=f (P, E) where: B=Behavior P=Person (innate), and E=Environment Individual behavior and Work Efficiency Demographic Characteristics Age Gender Marital status Ethnic Tenure Ability What is “Ability”? An individual’s capacity to perform the various tasks in a job. 能力是一种为顺利完成某种活动所必备的，并且影响活动效果的个性心理特征。 Abilities Intellectual abilities Physical abilities The ability-job fit Types of Ability Intellectual Ability Verbal Ability Numerical Ability Reasoning Ability Deductive Ability Memory Spatial Ability Perceptual Ability Physical Ability Motor Skills (e.g. reaction time, dexterity) Physical Skills (e.g. strength, endurance) Intellectual Abilities Intellectual Abilities That required to do mental activities (e.g., number aptitude数学能力, verbal comprehension语言表达及理解能力, memory记忆力, reasoning推理, spatial visualization空间想象能力). IQ( Intelligence quotient) Dimensions of Intellectual Ability Physical Abilities Physical Abilities That required to do tasks demanding stamina, dexterity, strength, and similar characteristics. Nine Basic Physical Abilities Nine Basic Physical Abilities (cont.) The Ability - Job Fit The specific intellectual or physical abilities required for adequate job p