motelabe 设计【DOC精选】.doc

基于MATLAB环境的数字滤波器设计 摘 要 传统的数字滤波器的设计过程复杂，计算工作量大，滤波特性调整困难，影响了它的应用。本文介绍了一种利用MATLAB信号处理工具箱（Signal Processing Toolbox）快速有效的设计由软件组成的常规数字滤波器的设计方法。利用MATLAB设计滤波器，可以随时对比设计要求和滤波器特性调整参数，直观简便，极大的减轻了工作量，有利于滤波器设计的最优化。 在本文中，我们分别研究了在MATLAB环境下IIR数字滤波器的典型设计和完全设计等方法。典型设计是先按一定规则将给出的数字滤波器的技术指标转换成模拟低通滤波器的技术指标，据此产生模拟滤波器原型，然后把模拟低通滤波器原型转换成模拟低通、高通、带通、带阻滤波器，最后再把模拟滤波器转换成数字滤波器。完全设计方法中我们利用函数直接设计出低通、高通、带通和带阻滤波器。 对于FIR数字滤波器的设计，可以根据所给定的频率特性直接设计，文中采用的设计方法是窗函数法。我们给出了一个用窗函数法设计的带阻滤波器实例与MATLAB程序仿真。 本文根据IIR滤波器和FIR滤波器的特点，在MATLAB坏境下分别用双线性变换法设计IIR和用窗函数设计FIR数字滤波器，并对采集的语音信号进行分析，最后给出了IIR和FIR对语音滤波的效果。? 关键词：数字滤波器 ，MATLAB ，IIR， FIR Based on MATLAB environment digital filter design ABSTRACT Traditional digital filter design process complex, the computation work load is big, the filter characteristic adjustment difficulty, has affected its application. This article introduced one kind using the MATLAB signal processing toolbox (Signal Processing Toolbox) the fast effective design the conventional numeral filter design method which is composed by software.Using the MATLAB design filter ,may contrast the design request and the filter characteristic adjustment parameter as necessary,direct-viewing is simple, enormous reduced the work load, is advantageous optimization which designs to the filter. In this thesis the typical and complete disigns under MATLAB are studied.The technical parameters from digital filters that should be disigned,and then transformed into the analog parameters of a low-pass analog filter prototype.The prototype is converted into the analog low-pass，high-pass，band-pass and the band-stop filters respeetively，Which are transformed into the digital ones.The complete design uses the given functions and releases the low-Pass，high-pass，band-pass and the band-stop filters direetly. As for the FIR filter, we can design it directly based on the giving frequency, in the paper it uses the design of the window function. we are given a window function method with band-stop filter design ex