青光眼患者构成特点的统计学研究.docxVIP

青光眼患者构成特点的统计学研究安徽省淮南市新华医疗集团北方医院 廖茉莉 232082【摘要】目的：探讨门诊青光眼的疾病构成与年龄、性别分布及其变化特点，并与住院青光眼患者调查资料对比，分析其差异原因，为青光眼的防治研究提供新的流行病学资料。方法：对资料完整的门诊青光眼病历进行统计分析。按照第一诊断分为四类，调查门诊青光眼患者的年龄、性别分布以及不同类型青光眼的构成比等特点，对不同类型青光眼的性别、年龄分布行卡方检验，并与我院近五年住院青光眼患者的调查结果进行比较，分析其异同。结果：原发性闭角型青光眼274例、开角型青光眼108例、继发性青光眼93例、先天性青光眼60例，分别占门诊青光眼患者总数的51.21%、20.19%、17.39%、11.21%；其男、女比例分别为1:1.88, 3.5:1, 2.44:1, 1:1.07；原发性青光眼的构成比例中，PACG与P0AG之比为：2.54:1。结论：原发性闭角型青光眼仍为主要类型，居第一位，继发性青光眼居第三位；开角型青光眼构成呈现逐渐增多的趋势，可能与医疗基础知识的普及范围变广、青光眼诊疗水平有所提高、漏诊率减少、近视眼患者群体的迅速增加、新型药物和激光等治疗的广泛推广有关；原发性青光眼的发病年龄主要集巾在50岁以上，且随着年龄增长，发病率有逐渐增高的趋势；木文门诊继发性青光眼中以炎症相关性所占比例最大，与炎症的自限件病程有关；我院门诊就诊的先天性青光眼患儿，与近五年住院青光眼患儿的构成比和男女比例的调查结果相差较大，其值均有所提高。本文显示，女性先天性青光眼患儿的就诊率有提高的趋势,可能与计划生育、基层医疗保障保偿机制的发展提高了女性先天性青光眼患儿在家庭中的地位有关；双眼盲PACG比例最高（致盲率6. 20%)，继发性青光眼患者的单眼盲和双眼盲致盲率之和为34. 40%,原发性闭角型青光眼和继发性青光眼是今后防盲致盲工作的两个重点。【关键词】青光眼；构成特点；流行病学；原因；统计学研究 【Abstract】OBJECTIVE: To investigate the proportion，distribution features and the characteristics in ages ， genders of Glaucoma patients in Out-patients Department ,and compare with the clinical data of the hospitalized patients with glaucoma , and analyze the differences and reasons，which can provide new epidemiological data for the prevention and treatment of glaucoma. METHODS: Summarize and analysis 535 cases of Glaucoma patients in Out-patients Department in our hospital from January 2012 to December. These cases were divided into four categories according to the first diagnosis .Statistics analysis of Glaucoma patients in Out-patients Department was on the basis of age,gender, distribution and the composition of all types of glaucoma.. RESULTS: During January 2012 to December, of all the 535 cases, the primary-angle-closure glaucoma(PACG) is 274，the open-angle glaucoma (POAG) 108 , the secondary glaucoma SG 93 , the congenital glaucoma CG 60，which accounts for 51.21%, 20.19%, 17.39% and, 11.21% respectively; and the male and female ratio of 4 different types of glaucoma patients is 1:1，88. 3.5:1. 2.44:1 and 1:1.07 respectively; and the ratio of