《线性代数教学课件》chapter1.pptVIP

Organization Overview In this chapter we discuss systems of linear equations and methods (such as Gauss-Jordan elimination) for solving these systems. We introduce matrices as a convenient language for describing systems and the Gauss-Jordan solution method. We next introduce the operations of addition and multiplication for matrices and show how these operations enable us to express a linear system in matrix-vector terms as Ax=b. Core sections Introduction to matrices and systems of linear equations Echelon form and Gauss-Jordan elimination Consistent systems of linear equations Matrix operations Algebraic properties of matrix operations Linear independence and nonsingular matrices Matrix inverses and their properties 1.1 Introduction to matrices and systems of linear equations 2. Matrices 3. Recognizing an inconsistent system Theorem1.2.1: Let [A|b] be the augmented matrix for an (m?n) linear system of equations, and let [A|b] be in reduced echelon form. If the last nonzero row of [A|b] has its leading 1 in the last column, then the system of equations has no solution. That is , the system represented by [A|b] is inconsistent. 4. Solving a system of equations Step 1. Create the augmented matrix for the system. Step 2. Transform the matrix in Step 1 to reduced echelon form. Step 3. Decode the reduced matrix found in Step 2 to obtain its associated system of equations. Step 4. By examining the reduced system in Step 3, describe the solution set for the original system. 5. Reduction to echelon form Theorem1.2.2: Let B be an (m?n) matrix. There is a unique (m?n) matrix C such that: C is in reduced echelon form C is row equivalent to B. Reduction to reduced echelon form for an (m?n) matrix: (1)Locate the first (left-most) column that contains a nonzero entry. (2)If necessary, interchange the first row with another row so that the first nonzero column has a nonzero entry in the first row. (3)If a denotes the leading nonzero entry in row one, multiply