翻译的过程ProcessofTranslation.pptVIP

Chapter Two Process of Translation 1. Translating Process The process of translation refers to “the cognitive and creative activity in which translators establish interlingual equivalences between texts or text segments ” (Delisle et al, 2004, 277) Wilss declares in his book ”Knowledge and Skills in Translator Behavior”: “Translator performance can be seen as the manifestation of an information-performance device consisting of (1) lexical, phraseological, syntactic, and pragmatic processing of the textual input;” (2) lexical, phraseological, syntactic, and pragmatic transfer of the ST into the TT environment, with the translator having in mind the need to achieve functional equivalence; and (3) the assessment of the translation product in a more or less detailed evaluation phase. (1996:124) Hatim Mason states in their book “Discourse and The Translator”: “Aids to translators are improving all the time, but the basic problems faced by translators in their work remain the same. In broad and general terms, these can be listed as follows: (1) Comprehension of source text: (a) parsing of text (grammar and lexis) (b) access to specialised knowledge (c) access to intended meaning (2) Transfer of meaning (a) relaying lexical meaning (b) relaying grammatical meaning (c) relaying rhetorical meaning, including implied or inferrable meaning, for potential readers. (3) Assessment of target text: (a) readability (b) conforming to generic and discoursal conventions (c) judging adequacy of translation for specified purpose.” (2001: 21) Nida’s Linguistic View The process of translation is a very complex one. Nida thinks that “The process of translating is always a matter of choosing the best or the better rendering from various alternatives” (翻译过程是不断从各种不同译文中选择最佳或较佳译文的过程。) The Four-phase Process in Translating The four basic processes in translating consist of (1) analysis of the source text, (2)transfer from source to target language, (3) restructuring in